The Epidemiology of Thyroid Disease

Overview

Journal Br Med Bull

Publisher Oxford University Press

Specialty General Medicine

Date 2011 Sep 7

PMID 21893493

Citations 343

Authors

Mark P J Vanderpump

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Introduction: Thyroid disorders are prevalent and their manifestations are determined by the dietary iodine availability.

Sources Of Data: Data from screening large population samples from USA and Europe.

Areas Of Agreement: The most common cause of thyroid disorders worldwide is iodine deficiency, leading to goitre formation and hypothyroidism. In iodine-replete areas, most persons with thyroid disorders have autoimmune disease.

Areas Of Controversy: Definition of thyroid disorders, selection criteria used, influence of age and sex, environmental factors and the different techniques used for assessment of thyroid function.

Growing Points: Increasing incidence of well-differentiated thyroid cancer. Environmental iodine influences the epidemiology of non-malignant thyroid disease.

Areas Timely For Developing Research: Iodine supplementation of populations with mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency. An evidence-based strategy for the risk stratification, treatment and follow-up of benign nodular thyroid disease. Is there any benefit in screening adults for thyroid dysfunction?

Citing Articles

Long-term forecasting and evaluation of medicine consumption for the ATC class H with a focus on thyroid hormones in OECD countries using ARIMA models.

Bindel L, Seifert R Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2025; .

PMID: 40029386 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-025-03930-5.

Biological variation of thyroid stimulating hormone, free triiodothyronine and free thyroxine in healthy subjects in Turkey.

Yildiz R, Ozkanay H, Arslan F, Koseoglu M Biochem Med (Zagreb). 2025; 35(1):010706.

PMID: 39974197 PMC: 11838713. DOI: 10.11613/BM.2025.010706.

Effects of Trace Elements on Endocrine Function and Pathogenesis of Thyroid Diseases-A Literature Review.

Brylinski L, Kostelecka K, Wolinski F, Komar O, Milosz A, Michalczyk J Nutrients. 2025; 17(3).

PMID: 39940256 PMC: 11819802. DOI: 10.3390/nu17030398.

A two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis between telomere length and hyperthyroidism.

Zhu S, Hao Z, Chen Q, Liu X, Wu W, Zhang F Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2025; 15:1369800.

PMID: 39911233 PMC: 11794073. DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1369800.

Shear wave elastography for thyroid nodule evaluation in patients with chronic autoimmune thyroiditis.

Latia M, Bena A, Moisa-Luca L, Bunceanu S, Stoian D Endocrine. 2025; .

PMID: 39827288 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-025-04159-1.