Phylogeographic Analyses Reveal a Crucial Role of Xinjiang in HIV-1 CRF07_BC and HCV 3a Transmissions in Asia

Overview

Journal PLoS One

Specialties General Medicine
Science

Date 2011 Aug 23

PMID 21858079

Citations 23

Authors

Jun Liu

Chiyu Zhang

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: China faces an increasing prevalence of two HIV-1 circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) 07_BC and 08_BC. Both CRFs_BC were previously demonstrated to originate in Yunnan and spread to Liaoning from Yunnan via injection drug use (IDU) in China. Supposing it is true, we are unable to answer why only CRF07_BC, rather than both CRFs_BC together, was transmitted to Xinjiang.

Methodology/principal Findings: We investigated the phylogeography of CRF07_BC and CRF08_BC using multiple HIV-1 genomic regions with bayesian phylogeography method. Phylogenetic reconstructions showed that all CRF07_BC sequences were divided into two clades, Yunnan and Xinjiang, and all strains from other regions of mainland China clustered within the Xinjiang clade. Significant geographic diffusion links of Xinjiang with other regions (including Liaoning, Beijing, Jiangsu and Guangdong) were supported by Bayes factor tests. The temporal dynamics analyses showed that CRF07_BC spread from Xinjiang to Liaoning in 1996.10, and to Jiangsu in 2000.9. The analyses of CRF08_BC not only confirmed the previous conclusion on temporal and spatial dynamics of CRF08_BC, but also indicated that the CRF08_BC strains from Guangdong and Shanghai originated from Yunnan. The analyses of HCV 3a showed that it was introduced into Xinjiang in the early 1980s, and spread from Xinjiang to Yunnan in 1990.10 and to Jiangsu in 1999.2, and further from Yunnan to Guangxi in 1995.3. The temporal and spatial dynamics of HCV 3a were similar to some extent to that of HIV-1 CRF07_BC and/or CRF08_BC, suggesting a possible association in migration patterns between HCV and HIV-1 through IDU. In addition, HCV 3a spread from Xinjiang to Pakistan, implying a drug trafficking route linking them.

Conclusions/significance: Xinjiang, as the most important transfer station for drug trafficking from Golden Crescent to other regions of China, plays a very crucial role in the transmission of viruses (e.g., HIV-1 and HCV) through IDU in Asia.

Citing Articles

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The evolutionary and transmission dynamics of HIV-1 CRF08_BC.

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A New HIV-1 KE-Reverse Transcriptase Variant Associated with the Rapid Expansion of CRF07_BC among Men Who Have Sex with Men.

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Consistency of spatial dynamics of HIV-1 and HCV among HIV-1/HCV coinfected drug users in China.

Wang Y, Chen X, Ye M, Pang W, Zhang C, Xiong S BMC Infect Dis. 2021; 21(1):1001.

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HIV-1 CRF07_BC transmission dynamics in China: two decades of national molecular surveillance.

Ge Z, Feng Y, Zhang H, Rashid A, Zaongo S, Li K Emerg Microbes Infect. 2021; 10(1):1919-1930.

PMID: 34498547 PMC: 8477959. DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2021.1978822.

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