T Helper 17 Cell Heterogeneity and Pathogenicity in Autoimmune Disease

Overview

Journal Trends Immunol

Specialty Allergy & Immunology

Date 2011 Jul 26

PMID 21782512

Citations 95

Authors

Kamran Ghoreschi

Arian Laurence

Xiang-Ping Yang

Kiyoshi Hirahara

John J OShea

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

T helper (Th)17 cells have been proposed to represent a new CD4(+) T cell lineage that is important for host defense against fungi and extracellular bacteria, and the development of autoimmune diseases. Precisely how these cells arise has been the subject of some debate, with apparent species-specific differences in mice and humans. Here, we describe evolving views of Th17 specification, highlighting the contribution of transforming growth factor-β and the opposing roles of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)3 and STAT5. Increasing evidence points to heterogeneity and inherent phenotypic instability in this subset. Ideally, better understanding of expression and action of key transcription factors and the epigenetic landscape of Th17 can help explain the flexibility and diversity of interleukin-17-producing cells.

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