Nausea and Vomiting in Early Pregnancy

Overview

Journal BMJ Clin Evid

Specialty General Medicine

Date 2011 Jul 6

PMID 21726485

Citations 4

Authors

Mario Festin

Affiliations

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Abstract

Introduction: More than half of pregnant women suffer from nausea and vomiting, which typically begins by the 4th week and disappears by the 16th week of pregnancy. The cause of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy is unknown, but may be due to the rise in human chorionic gonadotrophin concentration. In 1 in 200 women, the condition progresses to hyperemesis gravidarum, which is characterised by prolonged and severe nausea and vomiting, dehydration, and weight loss.

Methods And Outcomes: We conducted a systematic review and aimed to answer the following clinical questions: What are the effects of treatment for nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy? What are the effects of treatments for hyperemesis gravidarum? We searched: Medline, Embase, The Cochrane Library, and other important databases up to May 2008 (Clinical Evidence reviews are updated periodically; please check our website for the most up-to-date version of this review). We included harms alerts from relevant organisations such as the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the UK Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA).

Results: We found 30 systematic reviews, RCTs, or observational studies that met our inclusion criteria. We performed a GRADE evaluation of the quality of evidence for interventions.

Conclusions: In this systematic review we present information relating to the effectiveness and safety of the following interventions: acupressure; acupuncture; antihistamines; corticosteroids; corticotrophins; diazepam; dietary interventions other than ginger; domperidone; ginger; metoclopramide; ondansetron; phenothiazines; and pyridoxine (vitamin B6).

Citing Articles

Evaluation of psychological resilience and anxiety levels of patients with hyperemesis gravidarum diagnosis and comparison with healthy pregnant women.

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B Vitamins in the nervous system: Current knowledge of the biochemical modes of action and synergies of thiamine, pyridoxine, and cobalamin.

Calderon-Ospina C, Nava-Mesa M CNS Neurosci Ther. 2019; 26(1):5-13.

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Knowledge and Attitude of Medical Nurses toward Oral Health and Oral Health Care of Pregnant Women.

Sharif S, Saddki N, Yusoff A Malays J Med Sci. 2016; 23(1):63-71.

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Research on Acupuncture in Pregnancy and Childbirth: The U.S. Contribution.

Soliday E, Hapke P Med Acupunct. 2014; 25(4):252-260.

PMID: 24761175 PMC: 3746244. DOI: 10.1089/acu.2012.0950.

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