Effect of Hosts on Competition Among Clones and Evidence of Differential Selection Between Pathogenic and Saprophytic Phases in Experimental Populations of the Wheat Pathogen Phaeosphaeria Nodorum

Overview

Journal BMC Evol Biol

Publisher Biomed Central

Specialty Biology

Date 2011 Jul 2

PMID 21718545

Citations 17

Authors

Rubik J Sommerhalder

Bruce A McDonald

Fabio Mascher

Jiasui Zhan

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Monoculture, multi-cropping and wider use of highly resistant cultivars have been proposed as mechanisms to explain the elevated rate of evolution of plant pathogens in agricultural ecosystems. We used a mark-release-recapture experiment with the wheat pathogen Phaeosphaeria nodorum to evaluate the impact of two of these mechanisms on the evolution of a pathogen population. Nine P. nodorum isolates marked with ten microsatellite markers and one minisatellite were released onto five replicated host populations to initiate epidemics of Stagonospora nodorum leaf blotch. The experiment was carried out over two consecutive host growing seasons and two pathogen collections were made during each season.

Results: A total of 637 pathogen isolates matching the marked inoculants were recovered from inoculated plots over two years. Genetic diversity in the host populations affected the evolution of the corresponding P. nodorum populations. In the cultivar mixture the relative frequencies of inoculants did not change over the course of the experiment and the pathogen exhibited a low variation in selection coefficients.

Conclusions: Our results support the hypothesis that increasing genetic heterogeneity in host populations may retard the rate of evolution in associated pathogen populations. Our experiment also provides indirect evidence of fitness costs associated with host specialization in P. nodorum as indicated by differential selection during the pathogenic and saprophytic phases.

Citing Articles

Evaluating the contribution of historical and contemporary temperature to the oospore production of self-fertile .

Waheed A, Shen L, Nkurikiyimfura O, Fang H, Wang Y, Andersson B Evol Appl. 2024; 17(1):e13643.

PMID: 38293269 PMC: 10824702. DOI: 10.1111/eva.13643.

A Secondary Metabolite Secreted by Is Able to Enhance Sensitivity to Tebuconazole and Azoxystrobin.

Kartashov M, Voinova T, Shcherbakova L, Arslanova L, Chudakova K, Dzhavakhiya V Front Fungal Biol. 2023; 3:889547.

PMID: 37746182 PMC: 10512332. DOI: 10.3389/ffunb.2022.889547.

Infectivity and stress tolerance traits affect community assembly of plant pathogenic fungi.

Choi S, Yang J, Kim J, Jeon H, Shin S, Wui D Front Microbiol. 2023; 14:1234724.

PMID: 37692392 PMC: 10486888. DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1234724.

Study of the competition between Colletotrichum godetiae and C. nymphaeae, two pathogenic species in olive.

Garcia-Lopez M, Serrano M, Camiletti B, Gordon A, Estudillo C, Trapero A Sci Rep. 2023; 13(1):5344.

PMID: 37005485 PMC: 10067957. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32585-6.

Optimizing Plant Disease Management in Agricultural Ecosystems Through Rational In-Crop Diversification.

Wang Y, Pan Z, Yang L, Burdon J, Friberg H, Sui Q Front Plant Sci. 2022; 12:767209.

PMID: 35003160 PMC: 8739928. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.767209.

References

Montarry J, Corbiere R, Lesueur S, Glais I, Andrivon D . Does selection by resistant hosts trigger local adaptation in plant-pathogen systems?. J Evol Biol. 2006; 19(2):522-31. DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2005.01005.x. View

Zhan J, Mundt C, McDonald B . Estimation of rates of recombination and migration in populations of plant pathogens-a reply. Phytopathology. 2008; 90(4):324-6. DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO.2000.90.4.324. View

Bennett R, Milgroom M, Sainudiin R, Cunfer B, Bergstrom G . Relative Contribution of Seed-Transmitted Inoculum to Foliar Populations of Phaeosphaeria nodorum. Phytopathology. 2008; 97(5):584-91. DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO-97-5-0584. View

Abang M, Baum M, Ceccarelli S, Grando S, Linde C, Yahyaoui A . Differential Selection on Rhynchosporium secalis During Parasitic and Saprophytic Phases in the Barley Scald Disease Cycle. Phytopathology. 2008; 96(11):1214-22. DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO-96-1214. View

Solomon P, Lowe R, Tan K, Waters O, Oliver R . Stagonospora nodorum: cause of stagonospora nodorum blotch of wheat. Mol Plant Pathol. 2010; 7(3):147-56. DOI: 10.1111/j.1364-3703.2006.00326.x. View

Schouten H, Beniers J . Durability of Resistance to Globodera pallida I. Changes in Pathogenicity, Virulence, and Aggressiveness During Reproduction on Partially Resistant Potato Cultivars. Phytopathology. 1997; 87(8):862-7. DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO.1997.87.8.862. View

Zhan J, Mundt C, McDonald B . Sexual reproduction facilitates the adaptation of parasites to antagonistic host environments: Evidence from empirical study in the wheat-Mycosphaerella graminicola system. Int J Parasitol. 2007; 37(8-9):861-70. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2007.03.003. View

McDonald B, Linde C . Pathogen population genetics, evolutionary potential, and durable resistance. Annu Rev Phytopathol. 2002; 40:349-79. DOI: 10.1146/annurev.phyto.40.120501.101443. View

Zhan J, Mundt C, McDonald B . Using Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms to Assess Temporal Variation and Estimate the Number of Ascospores that Initiate Epidemics in Field Populations of Mycosphaerella graminicola. Phytopathology. 2008; 91(10):1011-7. DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO.2001.91.10.1011. View

10.

Brunner P, Keller N, McDonald B . Wheat domestication accelerated evolution and triggered positive selection in the beta-xylosidase enzyme of Mycosphaerella graminicola. PLoS One. 2009; 4(11):e7884. PMC: 2774967. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0007884. View

11.

Segarra J . Stable Polymorphisms in a Two-Locus Gene-for-Gene System. Phytopathology. 2008; 95(7):728-36. DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO-95-0728. View

12.

Lannou C . Intrapathotype diversity for aggressiveness and pathogen evolution in cultivar mixtures. Phytopathology. 2008; 91(5):500-10. DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO.2001.91.5.500. View

13.

Bahri B, Kaltz O, Leconte M, de Vallavieille-Pope C, Enjalbert J . Tracking costs of virulence in natural populations of the wheat pathogen, Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici. BMC Evol Biol. 2009; 9:26. PMC: 2660305. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-9-26. View

14.

Keller S, McDermott J, Pettway R, Wolfe M, McDonald B . Gene Flow and Sexual Reproduction in the Wheat Glume Blotch Pathogen Phaeosphaeria nodorum (Anamorph Stagonospora nodorum). Phytopathology. 1997; 87(3):353-8. DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO.1997.87.3.353. View

15.

Bergelson J, Dwyer G, Emerson J . Models and data on plant-enemy coevolution. Annu Rev Genet. 2001; 35:469-99. DOI: 10.1146/annurev.genet.35.102401.090954. View

16.

de Meaux J, Mitchell-Olds T . Evolution of plant resistance at the molecular level: ecological context of species interactions. Heredity (Edinb). 2003; 91(4):345-52. DOI: 10.1038/sj.hdy.6800342. View

17.

Stukenbrock E, McDonald B . Geographical variation and positive diversifying selection in the host-specific toxin SnToxA. Mol Plant Pathol. 2010; 8(3):321-32. DOI: 10.1111/j.1364-3703.2007.00396.x. View

18.

Mundt C . Use of multiline cultivars and cultivar mixtures for disease management. Annu Rev Phytopathol. 2002; 40:381-410. DOI: 10.1146/annurev.phyto.40.011402.113723. View

19.

Zhan J, Mundt C, McDonald B . Measuring Immigration and Sexual Reproduction in Field Populations of Mycosphaerella graminicola. Phytopathology. 2008; 88(12):1330-7. DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO.1998.88.12.1330. View

20.

Sommerhalder R, McDonald B, Zhan J . The Frequencies and Spatial Distribution of Mating Types in Stagonospora nodorum Are Consistent with Recurring Sexual Reproduction. Phytopathology. 2008; 96(3):234-9. DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO-96-0234. View