» Articles » PMID: 21493634

Defining Infertility--a Systematic Review of Prevalence Studies

Overview
Date 2011 Apr 16
PMID 21493634
Citations 116
Authors
Affiliations
Soon will be listed here.
Abstract

Background: Existing definitions of infertility lack uniformity, rendering comparisons in prevalence between countries or over time problematic. The absence of an agreed definition also compromises clinical management and undermines the impact of research findings. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review of the literature to determine how infertility has been defined in prevalence studies and to come up with suggestions for a feasible and clinically relevant definition.

Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched for relevant population-based prevalence studies published between 1975 and 2010.

Results: A total of 39 articles were included in the current review. The results highlight the heterogeneity of criteria used to define infertility and critical differences between demographic and epidemiological definitions. Demographers tend to define infertility as childlessness in a population of women of reproductive age, while the epidemiological definition is based on 'trying for' or 'time to' a pregnancy, generally in a population of women exposed to the risk of conception. There is considerable variation in terms of the duration of 'trying for pregnancy', the age of women sampled and their marital or cohabitation status. This leads to inconsistencies in determining the numerator and denominator used to calculate the prevalence of infertility.

Conclusions: There is a need for an agreed definition for infertility. We suggest a clinically relevant definition based on the duration of trying for pregnancy coupled with female age.

Citing Articles

Gushen Antai pill for expected normal ovarian responders undergoing IVF-ET (GSATP-FreET): interim analysis of a randomized controlled trial.

Xu Y, Hu X, Ai K, Sun Z, Song J Contracept Reprod Med. 2025; 10(1):19.

PMID: 40082945 PMC: 11905665. DOI: 10.1186/s40834-025-00352-9.


Infertility and risk of ovarian cancer: A systematic review and meta analysis.

Sambasivam I, Jennifer H, Chinnaiyan S J Family Med Prim Care. 2025; 14(1):15-21.

PMID: 39989588 PMC: 11845003. DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_227_24.


Association between infertility and incident onset of systemic autoimmune rheumatic disease after childbirth: a population-based cohort study.

Scime N, Velez M, Choi M, Ray J, Boblitz A, Brown H Hum Reprod. 2024; 40(1):157-166.

PMID: 39656875 PMC: 11700898. DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deae253.


NSAID exposure delays time-to-pregnancy in patients with spondyloarthritis: an analysis of the GR2 prospective cohort.

Hamroun S, Couderc M, Flipo R, Sellam J, Richez C, Dernis E RMD Open. 2024; 10(4).

PMID: 39615886 PMC: 11624830. DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2024-004745.


Cumulus cell DNA damage linked to fertilization success in females with an ovulatory dysfunction phenotype.

Rodrigues B, Sousa V, Esteves F, Vale-Fernandes E, Costa S, Sousa D Front Cell Dev Biol. 2024; 12:1448733.

PMID: 39605981 PMC: 11599247. DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1448733.