Expanding the Definition of Class 3 Inteins and Their Proposed Phage Origin

Overview

Journal J Bacteriol

Publisher American Society for Microbiology

Specialty Microbiology

Date 2011 Feb 15

PMID 21317331

Citations 18

Authors

Kazuo Tori

Francine B Perler

Affiliations

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Abstract

Inteins are the protein equivalent of introns. Their protein splicing activity is essential for the host protein's maturation and function. Inteins are grouped into three classes based on sequence signature and splicing mechanism. The sequence signature of the recently characterized class 3 inteins is a noncontiguous Trp-Cys-Thr (WCT) motif and the absence of the standard class 1 Cys¹ or Ser¹ N-terminal nucleophile. The intein N-terminal Cys¹ or Ser¹ residue is essential for splicing in class 1 inteins. The mycobacteriophage Catera Gp206, Nocardioides sp. strain JS614 TOPRIM, and Thermobifida fusca YX Tfu2914 inteins have a mixture of class 1 and class 3 motifs. They carry the class 3 Trp-Cys-Thr motif and have the standard class 1 N-terminal Ser¹ or Cys¹. This study determined which class the mycobacteriophage Catera Gp206 and Nocardioides sp. JS614 TOPRIM inteins belong to based on catalytic mechanism. The mycobacteriophage Catera Gp206 intein (starting with Ser¹) is a class 3 intein, and its Ser¹ residue is not required for splicing. Based on phylogenetic analysis, we propose that class 3 inteins arose from a single mutated intein that was spread by phage into predominantly helicase genes in various phages and their hosts.

Citing Articles

Massive intein content in reveals aspects of intein mobility in eukaryotes.

Gallot-Lavallee L, Jerlstrom-Hultqvist J, Zegarra-Vidarte P, Salas-Leiva D, Stairs C, cepicka I Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2023; 120(49):e2306381120.

PMID: 38019867 PMC: 10710043. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2306381120.

SufB intein splicing in Mycobacterium tuberculosis is influenced by two remote conserved N-extein histidines.

Panda S, Nanda A, Sahu N, Ojha D, Pradhan B, Rai A Biosci Rep. 2022; 42(3).

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Inteins as Drug Targets and Therapeutic Tools.

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Conditional Alternative Protein Splicing Promoted by Inteins from .

Yalala V, Lynch A, Mills K Biochemistry. 2022; 61(4):294-302.

PMID: 35073064 PMC: 8847336. DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.1c00788.

Inteins in Science: Evolution to Application.

Nanda A, Nasker S, Mehra A, Panda S, Nayak S Microorganisms. 2020; 8(12).

PMID: 33339089 PMC: 7765530. DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8122004.

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