Activation of the Plasma Membrane Na/H Antiporter Salt-Overly-Sensitive 1 (SOS1) by Phosphorylation of an Auto-inhibitory C-terminal Domain

Overview

Journal Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

Specialty Science

Date 2011 Jan 26

PMID 21262798

Citations 143

Authors

Francisco J Quintero

Juliana Martinez-Atienza

Irene Villalta

Xingyu Jiang

Woe-Yeon Kim

Zhair Ali

Hiroaki Fujii

Imelda Mendoza

Dae-Jin Yun

Jian-Kang Zhu

Jose M Pardo

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The plasma membrane sodium/proton exchanger Salt-Overly-Sensitive 1 (SOS1) is a critical salt tolerance determinant in plants. The SOS2-SOS3 calcium-dependent protein kinase complex up-regulates SOS1 activity, but the mechanistic details of this crucial event remain unresolved. Here we show that SOS1 is maintained in a resting state by a C-terminal auto-inhibitory domain that is the target of SOS2-SOS3. The auto-inhibitory domain interacts intramolecularly with an adjacent domain of SOS1 that is essential for activity. SOS1 is relieved from auto-inhibition upon phosphorylation of the auto-inhibitory domain by SOS2-SOS3. Mutation of the SOS2 phosphorylation and recognition site impeded the activation of SOS1 in vivo and in vitro. Additional amino acid residues critically important for SOS1 activity and regulation were identified in a genetic screen for hypermorphic alleles.

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