A Glimpse of Various Pathogenetic Mechanisms of Diabetic Nephropathy

Overview

Journal Annu Rev Pathol

Publisher Annual Reviews

Specialty Pathology

Date 2011 Jan 26

PMID 21261520

Citations 340

Authors

Yashpal S Kanwar

Lin Sun

Ping Xie

Fu-You Liu

Sheldon Chen

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Diabetic nephropathy is a well-known complication of diabetes and is a leading cause of chronic renal failure in the Western world. It is characterized by the accumulation of extracellular matrix in the glomerular and tubulointerstitial compartments and by the thickening and hyalinization of intrarenal vasculature. The various cellular events and signaling pathways activated during diabetic nephropathy may be similar in different cell types. Such cellular events include excessive channeling of glucose intermediaries into various metabolic pathways with generation of advanced glycation products, activation of protein kinase C, increased expression of transforming growth factor β and GTP-binding proteins, and generation of reactive oxygen species. In addition to these metabolic and biochemical derangements, changes in the intraglomerular hemodynamics, modulated in part by local activation of the renin-angiotensin system, compound the hyperglycemia-induced injury. Events involving various intersecting pathways occur in most cell types of the kidney.

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