APOBEC3 Proteins Expressed in Mammary Epithelial Cells Are Packaged into Retroviruses and Can Restrict Transmission of Milk-borne Virions

Overview

Journal Cell Host Microbe

Publisher Cell Press

Specialties Infectious Diseases
Microbiology

Date 2010 Dec 15

PMID 21147467

Citations 42

Authors

Chioma M Okeoma

Alyssa L Huegel

Jaisri Lingappa

Michael D Feldman

Susan R Ross

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Viruses, including retroviruses like human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV), are transmitted from mother to infants through milk. Lymphoid cells and antibodies are thought to provide mammary gland and milk-borne immunity. In contrast, little is known about the role of mammary epithelial cells (MECs). The APOBEC3 family of retroviral restriction factors is highly expressed in macrophages and lymphoid and dendritic cells. We now show that APOBEC3 proteins are also expressed in mouse and human MECs. Lymphoid cell-expressed APOBEC3 restricts in vivo spread of MMTV to lymphoid and mammary tissue. In contrast, mammary gland-expressed APOBEC3 is packaged into MMTV virions and decreases the infectivity of milk-borne viruses. Moreover, APOBEC3G and other APOBEC3 genes are expressed in human mammary cells and have the potential to restrict viruses produced in this cell type. These data point to a role for APOBEC3 proteins in limiting infectivity of milk-transmitted viruses.

Citing Articles

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Apobec-mediated retroviral hypermutation in vivo is dependent on mouse strain.

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