Changes in Biphasic Electrode Impedance with Protein Adsorption and Cell Growth

Overview

Journal J Neural Eng

Specialties Biomedical Engineering
Neurology

Date 2010 Sep 16

PMID 20841637

Citations 20

Authors

Carrie Newbold

Rachael Richardson

Rodney Millard

Christie Huang

Dusan Milojevic

Robert Shepherd

Robert Cowan

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

This study was undertaken to assess the contribution of protein adsorption and cell growth to increases in electrode impedance that occur immediately following implantation of cochlear implant electrodes and other neural stimulation devices. An in vitro model of the electrode-tissue interface was used. Radiolabelled albumin in phosphate buffered saline was added to planar gold electrodes and electrode impedance measured using a charge-balanced biphasic current pulse. The polarization impedance component increased with protein adsorption, while no change to access resistance was observed. The maximum level of protein adsorbed was measured at 0.5 µg cm(-2), indicating a tightly packed monolayer of albumin molecules on the gold electrode and resin substrate. Three cell types were grown over the electrodes, macrophage cell line J774, dissociated fibroblasts and epithelial cell line MDCK, all of which created a significant increase in electrode impedance. As cell cover over electrodes increased, there was a corresponding increase in the initial rise in voltage, suggesting that cell cover mainly contributes to the access resistance of the electrodes. Only a small increase in the polarization component of impedance was seen with cell cover.

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