Evolving Concepts in Neurogenic Osteoporosis

Overview

Journal Curr Osteoporos Rep

Publisher Current Science

Specialties Endocrinology
Orthopedics

Date 2010 Sep 8

PMID 20820963

Citations 29

Authors

Weiping Qin

William A Bauman

Christopher P Cardozo

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Convincing evidence has accumulated of regulation of bone by the central nervous system. The neural connection between brain and bone is mediated centrally by classic neurotransmitters and several neuropeptides, and peripherally by many of the same neurotransmitters and neuropeptides, albeit with actions opposite to their central effects. Pharmacologic blockade of ß2-adrenergic receptors or disruption of the gene encoding them increases bone mass, whereas increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) contributes to bone loss. Brainstem serotonergic neurons regulate SNS activity and its modulation by leptin. Physiologic stimulation of osteoblastic nicotinic receptors results in proliferation and deposition of bone, whereas higher levels inhibit osteoblast function. Activation of sensory nerves has a centrally mediated action on bone, albeit poorly understood. The relative importance of, and interactions between autonomic, sensory, and peripheral nervous system actions on bone mass are also not clear in healthy individuals, and less so in pathologic states.

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