» Articles » PMID: 20711393

The Trail Making Test in India

Overview
Specialty Psychiatry
Date 2010 Aug 17
PMID 20711393
Citations 17
Authors
Affiliations
Soon will be listed here.
Abstract

The trail making test (TMT) is a short and convenient estimate of cognitive functions, principally attention and working memory. Like most neuropsychological tests, it is derived from and primarily applicable to English-speaking individuals. Norms for other ethnic minorities may differ significantly. The application of majority or mixed norms to specific ethnic subcultures may introduce systematic bias. To examine the impact of an English test on primarily nonEnglish-speaking individuals, outpatients attending the dermatology department of a large Indian hospital (n = 120) were asked to complete the English version of the TMT. The time taken to complete the TRAILS was unexpectedly long, although all the subjects scored within normal limits on the modified mini mental status examination and a test for general knowledge. Possible reasons for the delayed completion times are discussed below.

Citing Articles

Mapping cognitive dysfunction in relapsing multiple sclerosis with mild disability: A cross-sectional study from South India.

Nair S, Thulaseedharan J, Rajan N, Bava E, Nair G, Sundaram S Mult Scler J Exp Transl Clin. 2024; 10(4):20552173241304302.

PMID: 39676817 PMC: 11639032. DOI: 10.1177/20552173241304302.


Effect of Lavender Oil Leg Massage on Physical, Cognitive, and Psychological Variables of Patients with Hypertension: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Meha N, Deepa Y, Mooventhan A, Edminchrista S, Madhumitha S, Pugazharasi K Int J Ther Massage Bodywork. 2024; 17(3):15-22.

PMID: 39267900 PMC: 11329283. DOI: 10.3822/ijtmb.v17i3.897.


Effect of early menopause on cognition and brain morphology in an Urban Indian Cohort.

Mensegere A, Singh S, Stezin A, Sundarakumar J, Issac T Alzheimers Dement. 2024; 20(8):5607-5616.

PMID: 38946683 PMC: 11350013. DOI: 10.1002/alz.14069.


Music and the aging brain - Exploring the role of long-term Carnatic music training on cognition and gray matter volumes.

Ghosh A, Singh S, S M, Jagtap T, Issac T J Neurosci Rural Pract. 2024; 15(2):327-333.

PMID: 38746502 PMC: 11090532. DOI: 10.25259/JNRP_605_2023.


ETMT: A Tool for Eye-Tracking-Based Trail-Making Test to Detect Cognitive Impairment.

Chandrasekharan J, Joseph A, Ram A, Nollo G Sensors (Basel). 2023; 23(15).

PMID: 37571630 PMC: 10422410. DOI: 10.3390/s23156848.


References
1.
Moses Jr J, Pritchard D . Performance scales for the Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery-Form I. Arch Clin Neuropsychol. 2003; 14(3):285-302. DOI: 10.1093/arclin/14.3.285. View

2.
Stanczak D, Stanczak E, Awadalla A . Development and initial validation of an Arabic version of the Expanded Trail Making Test: implications for cross-cultural assessment. Arch Clin Neuropsychol. 2003; 16(2):141-9. View

3.
Nurnberger Jr J, Blehar M, Kaufmann C, Simpson S, Harkavy-Friedman J, Severe J . Diagnostic interview for genetic studies. Rationale, unique features, and training. NIMH Genetics Initiative. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1994; 51(11):849-59; discussion 863-4. DOI: 10.1001/archpsyc.1994.03950110009002. View

4.
Heaton R, Temkin N, Dikmen S, Avitable N, Taylor M, Marcotte T . Detecting change: A comparison of three neuropsychological methods, using normal and clinical samples. Arch Clin Neuropsychol. 2003; 16(1):75-91. View

5.
McCurry S, Gibbons L, Uomoto J, Thompson M, Graves A, Edland S . Neuropsychological test performance in a cognitively intact sample of older Japanese American adults. Arch Clin Neuropsychol. 2003; 16(5):447-59. View