Thyroid-associated Orbitopathy

Overview

Journal Semin Plast Surg

Specialty General Surgery

Date 2010 Jun 23

PMID 20567660

Citations 5

Authors

Adel H Alsuhaibani

Jeffrey A Nerad

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO) is usually diagnosed clinically. Early presentation of TAO such as ocular irritation, lid puffiness, and mild retraction may be overlooked and misdiagnosed. Careful clinical evaluation, laboratory investigations, and orbital imaging studies are needed for diagnosing early TAO. Knowing the pathogenesis will open the door for obtaining directed and effective treatment for the inflammatory process in TAO. Most patients with mild to moderate active TAO are treated with observation alone as the available treatment modalities effective in controlling the disease have many potential side effects. Severe active TAO, compressive optic neuropathy, and severe exposure keratopathy are the main indications for treatment with immunosuppressant agents, orbital radiotherapy, or orbital decompression. Surgery remains the final rehabilitation in TAO, which should be done during cicatricial (inactive) TAO when reliable and stable results can be obtained.

Citing Articles

Clinical Significance of Corneal Striae in Thyroid Associated Orbitopathy.

Liao X, Aljufairi F, Lai K, Chan K, Jia R, Chen W J Clin Med. 2023; 12(6).

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Elevated pulse pressure correlated with reduced retinal peripapillary capillary in thyroid-associated ophthalmology with visual field defect.

Ye J, Liu W, Hu X, Jiang H, Xu M, Jin H Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022; 13:941051.

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Changes of Volume Parameters in the Treatment of Graves Ophthalmopathy by Endoscopic Transethmoidal Decompression of the Orbital Inner Wall Combined with Fat Decompression.

Fu W Scanning. 2022; 2022:8149247.

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Thyroid Eye Disease: How A Novel Therapy May Change The Treatment Paradigm.

Wang Y, Patel A, Douglas R Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2019; 15:1305-1318.

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An abscess causing a delayed optic neuropathy after decompression for thyroid eye disease.

Patel R, Aakalu V, Joe S, Setabutr P Orbit. 2013; 33(1):65-7.

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