Study of Root Canals Configuration in Mandibular First Permanent Molar

The number and configuration of root canals in mandibular first permanent molar, studied by radiographic method, on 60 teeth revealed (1) one canal in the mesial root in 5 percent, two in 78.3 percent, three in 13.3 percent and four in 3.3 percent. In distal root, one canal was observed in 58.3 percent, two in 40 percent and three in 1.7 percent of the cases; (2) transverse anastomosis existed in about half of the mesial roots; whereas in distal root, it was only 21.7 percent; (3) biconvex canal curvature was seen in 18.3 percent of mesial and 1.7 percent of distal roots (4) apical foramina: in mesial root two apical foramina were observed in 60 percent of specimens, three in 6.7 percent and four in 3.3 percent. In distal root, two apical foramina were seen in 25 percent and three in 1.7 percent cases; (5) type of root canal: type 2-1 was the most common feature of mesial as well as distal roots; (6) the mesial root canals tended to be curved in 51.7 percent, while distal root canal straight in 58.3 percent.