Plasmodium Falciparum Population Dynamics in a Cohort of Pregnant Women in Senegal

Overview

Journal Malar J

Publisher Biomed Central

Specialty Tropical Medicine

Date 2010 Jun 18

PMID 20553578

Citations 11

Authors

Juliette Guitard

Pernille Andersen

Caroline Ermont

Sedami Gnidehou

Nadine Fievet

Ole Lund

Philippe Deloron

Nicaise Tuikue Ndam

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Pregnant women acquire protective antibodies that cross-react with geographically diverse placental Plasmodium falciparum isolates, suggesting that surface molecules expressed on infected erythrocytes by pregnancy-associated malaria (PAM) parasites have conserved epitopes and, that designing a PAM vaccine may be envisaged. VAR2CSA is the main candidate for a pregnancy malaria vaccine, but vaccine development may be complicated by its sequence polymorphism.

Methods: The dynamics of P. falciparum genotypes during pregnancy in 32 women in relation to VAR2CSA polymorphism and immunity was determined. The polymorphism of the msp2 gene and five microsatellites was analysed in consecutive parasite isolates, and the DBL5epsilon + Interdomain 5 (Id5) part of the var2csa gene of the corresponding samples was cloned and sequenced to measure variation.

Results: In primigravidae, the multiplicity of infection in the placenta was associated with occurrence of low birth weight babies. Some parasite genotypes were able to persist over several weeks and, still be present in the placenta at delivery particularly when the host anti-VAR2CSA antibody level was low. Comparison of diversity among genotyping markers confirmed that some PAM parasites may harbour more than one var2csa gene copy in their genome.

Conclusions: Host immunity to VAR2CSA influences the parasite dynamics during pregnancy, suggesting that the acquisition of protective immunity requires pre-exposure to a limited number of parasite variants. Presence of highly conserved residues in surface-exposed areas of the VAR2CSA immunodominant DBL5epsilon domain, suggest its potential in inducing antibodies with broad reactivity.

Citing Articles

Matched Placental and Circulating Parasites are Genetically Homologous at the ID1-DBL2X Locus by Deep Sequencing.

Waltmann A, Patel J, Thwai K, Hathaway N, Parobek C, Massougbodji A Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2018; 98(1):77-82.

PMID: 29342401 PMC: 5928730. DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.17-0529.

Factors influencing the use of malaria prevention strategies by women in Senegal: a cross-sectional study.

Mbengue M, Bei A, Mboup A, Ahouidi A, Sarr M, Mboup S Malar J. 2017; 16(1):470.

PMID: 29157243 PMC: 5697112. DOI: 10.1186/s12936-017-2095-2.

genotypes in matched peripheral, placental and umbilical cord blood in an area characterised by unstable malaria transmission in eastern Sudan.

Fadlelseed O, Osman M, Shamseldin N, Elhussein A, Adam I Heliyon. 2017; 3(6):e00326.

PMID: 28653041 PMC: 5476470. DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2017.e00326.

Parasite dynamics in the peripheral blood and the placenta during pregnancy-associated malaria infection.

Cohee L, Kalilani-Phiri L, Mawindo P, Joshi S, Adams M, Kenefic L Malar J. 2016; 15(1):483.

PMID: 27653788 PMC: 5031282. DOI: 10.1186/s12936-016-1541-x.

Identification of a Major Dimorphic Region in the Functionally Critical N-Terminal ID1 Domain of VAR2CSA.

Doritchamou J, Sabbagh A, Jespersen J, Renard E, Salanti A, Nielsen M PLoS One. 2015; 10(9):e0137695.

PMID: 26393516 PMC: 4579133. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137695.

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