Association of ACE and FACTOR VII Gene Variability with the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in North Indian Population

Overview

Journal Mol Cell Biochem

Publisher Springer

Specialty Biochemistry

Date 2010 Apr 6

PMID 20364300

Citations 8

Authors

R C Sobti

Nishi Maithil

Hitender Thakur

Yashpaul Sharma

K K Talwar

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) is a key factor in the production of angiotensin II and in the degradation of bradykinin. Chronic exposure to high levels of circulating and tissue ACE predispose to vascular wall thickening and atherosclerosis. Factor VII (FACTOR VII) is the first enzyme in the extrinsic pathway of the blood coagulation system and plays a key role in hemostasis; it also contributes to the occurrence of thrombotic events. In this study, we have examined the association of ACE and FACTOR VII gene in coronary heart disease patients (n = 300) and their age-matched controls (n = 300). Genotyping was done by PCR-RFLP method. No significant difference was observed in the distribution of I/D genotypes of ACE between cases and controls. In case of FACTOR VII R353Q polymorphism, there was not much difference in the distribution of alleles. AA genotype had protective effect for CHD (OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.37-0.83, P = 0.001). In case of FACTOR VII VNTR, there was difference in the distribution of alleles, H6 (73.5) and H7 (25.5) in cases, and H6 (70.5) and H7 (30.5) in controls. H6H7 and H7H7 genotypes had a protective effect for CHD with OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.18-0.41, P < 0.001, and OR 0.18, 95% CI 0.09-0.36, P < 0.001. Our study showed D allele of ACE to be associated with marginal risk of CHD, AA genotype of FACTOR VII R353Q and H6H7 and H7H7 genotypes of FACTOR VII VNTR showed protective effect for CHD.

Citing Articles

Clinical Utility of Amplification Refractory Mutation System-Based PCR and Mutation-Specific PCR for Precise and Rapid Genotyping of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 1 (ACE1-rs4646996 D>I) and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2-rs4240157T>C) Gene....

Yousif A, Mir R, Javid J, Barnawi J, Jalal M, Altayar M Diagnostics (Basel). 2022; 12(6).

PMID: 35741131 PMC: 9222124. DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12061321.

Role of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphism and ACE activity in predicting outcome after acute myocardial infarction.

Moorthy N, Saligrama Ramegowda K, Jain S, Bharath G, Sinha A, Nanjappa M Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc. 2021; 32:100701.

PMID: 33426268 PMC: 7782316. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2020.100701.

Hypertension and longevity: role of genetic polymorphisms in renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and endothelial nitric oxide synthase.

Da Silva A, Matos A, Aguiar L, Ramos-Marques N, Ribeiro R, Gil A Mol Cell Biochem. 2018; 455(1-2):61-71.

PMID: 30460536 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-018-3470-1.

Implications of ACE (I/D) Gene Variants to the Genetic Susceptibility of Coronary Artery Disease in Asian Indians.

Bhatti G, Bhatti J, Vijayvergiya R, Singh B Indian J Clin Biochem. 2017; 32(2):163-170.

PMID: 28428690 PMC: 5382073. DOI: 10.1007/s12291-016-0588-3.

ACE I/D Gene Polymorphism in Children with Family History of Premature Coronary Disease.

Yy Lmaz Ciftdod An D Arq Bras Cardiol. 2014; 103(5):440-442.

PMID: 25494223 PMC: 4262106. DOI: 10.5935/abc.20140182.

References

Ghaddar H, Folsom A, Aleksic N, Hearne L, Chambless L, Morrissey J . Correlation of factor VIIa values with factor VII gene polymorphism, fasting and postprandial triglyceride levels, and subclinical carotid atherosclerosis. Circulation. 1998; 98(25):2815-21. DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.98.25.2815. View

van t Hooft F, Silveira A, Tornvall P, Iliadou A, Ehrenborg E, Eriksson P . Two common functional polymorphisms in the promoter region of the coagulation factor VII gene determining plasma factor VII activity and mass concentration. Blood. 1999; 93(10):3432-41. View

Junker R, Heinrich J, Schulte H, van de Loo J, Assmann G . Coagulation factor VII and the risk of coronary heart disease in healthy men. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1997; 17(8):1539-44. DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.17.8.1539. View

Bonnici F, Keavney B, Collins R, Danesh J . Angiotensin converting enzyme insertion or deletion polymorphism and coronary restenosis: meta-analysis of 16 studies. BMJ. 2002; 325(7363):517-20. PMC: 121331. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.325.7363.517. View

Rosendaal F . Clotting and myocardial infarction: a cycle of insights. J Thromb Haemost. 2003; 1(4):640-2. DOI: 10.1046/j.1538-7836.2003.00233.x. View

Pollak E, Hung H, Godin W, Overton G, High K . Functional characterization of the human factor VII 5'-flanking region. J Biol Chem. 1996; 271(3):1738-47. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.271.3.1738. View

Humphries S, Lane A, Green F, Cooper J, Miller G . Factor VII coagulant activity and antigen levels in healthy men are determined by interaction between factor VII genotype and plasma triglyceride concentration. Arterioscler Thromb. 1994; 14(2):193-8. DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.14.2.193. View

Pinotti M, Toso R, Girelli D, Bindini D, Ferraresi P, Papa M . Modulation of factor VII levels by intron 7 polymorphisms: population and in vitro studies. Blood. 2000; 95(11):3423-8. View

Zee R, Fernandez-Ortiz A, Macaya C, Pintor E, Lindpaintner K, Fernandez-Cruz A . Ace D/I polymorphism and incidence of post-PTCA restenosis: a prospective, angiography-based evaluation. Hypertension. 2001; 37(3):851-5. DOI: 10.1161/01.hyp.37.3.851. View

10.

Green F, Kelleher C, Wilkes H, Temple A, Meade T, Humphries S . A common genetic polymorphism associated with lower coagulation factor VII levels in healthy individuals. Arterioscler Thromb. 1991; 11(3):540-6. DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.11.3.540. View

11.

ELLIS S, Vandormael M, Cowley M, Disciascio G, Deligonul U, Topol E . Coronary morphologic and clinical determinants of procedural outcome with angioplasty for multivessel coronary disease. Implications for patient selection. Multivessel Angioplasty Prognosis Study Group. Circulation. 1990; 82(4):1193-202. DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.82.4.1193. View

12.

Kathiresan S, Yang Q, Larson M, Camargo A, Tofler G, Hirschhorn J . Common genetic variation in five thrombosis genes and relations to plasma hemostatic protein level and cardiovascular disease risk. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2006; 26(6):1405-12. DOI: 10.1161/01.ATV.0000222011.13026.25. View

13.

Sayed-Tabatabaei F, Schut A, Arias Vasquez A, Bertoli-Avella A, Hofman A, Witteman J . Angiotensin converting enzyme gene polymorphism and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality: the Rotterdam Study. J Med Genet. 2005; 42(1):26-30. PMC: 1735916. DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2004.022756. View

14.

Iniguez A, Macaya C, Alfonso F, Goicolea J, Hernandez R, Zarco P . Early angiographic changes of side branches arising from a Palmaz-Schatz stented coronary segment: results and clinical implications. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1994; 23(4):911-5. DOI: 10.1016/0735-1097(94)90637-8. View

15.

Cooper J, Miller G, Bauer K, Morrissey J, Meade T, Howarth D . Comparison of novel hemostatic factors and conventional risk factors for prediction of coronary heart disease. Circulation. 2000; 102(23):2816-22. DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.102.23.2816. View

16.

Vaziri N, Kennedy S, Kennedy D, Gonzales E . Coagulation, fibrinolytic, and inhibitory proteins in acute myocardial infarction and angina pectoris. Am J Med. 1992; 93(6):651-7. DOI: 10.1016/0002-9343(92)90198-k. View

17.

Saha N, Liu Y, Heng C, Hong S, Low P, Tay J . Association of factor VII genotype with plasma factor VII activity and antigen levels in healthy Indian adults and interaction with triglycerides. Arterioscler Thromb. 1994; 14(12):1923-7. DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.14.12.1923. View

18.

Rigat B, Hubert C, Alhenc-Gelas F, Cambien F, Corvol P, Soubrier F . An insertion/deletion polymorphism in the angiotensin I-converting enzyme gene accounting for half the variance of serum enzyme levels. J Clin Invest. 1990; 86(4):1343-6. PMC: 296868. DOI: 10.1172/JCI114844. View

19.

Ruiz J, Blanche H, Cohen N, Velho G, Cambien F, Cohen D . Insertion/deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene is strongly associated with coronary heart disease in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994; 91(9):3662-5. PMC: 43641. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.91.9.3662. View

20.

Mata-Balaguer T, de la Herran R, Ruiz-Rejon C, Ruiz-Rejon M, Garrido-Ramos M, Ruiz-Rejon F . Angiotensin-converting enzyme and p22(phox) polymorphisms and the risk of coronary heart disease in a low-risk Spanish population. Int J Cardiol. 2004; 95(2-3):145-51. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2003.05.017. View