Dynamic Object Representations in Infants with and Without Fragile X Syndrome

Overview

Journal Front Hum Neurosci

Specialty Neurology

Date 2010 Mar 13

PMID 20224809

Citations 12

Authors

Faraz Farzin

Susan M Rivera

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Our visual world is dynamic in nature. The ability to encode, mentally represent, and track an object's identity as it moves across time and space is critical for integrating and maintaining a complete and coherent view of the world. Here we investigated dynamic object processing in typically developing (TD) infants and infants with fragile X syndrome (FXS), a single-gene disorder associated with deficits in dorsal stream functioning. We used the violation of expectation method to assess infants' visual response to expected versus unexpected outcomes following a brief dynamic (dorsal stream) or static (ventral stream) occlusion event. Consistent with previous reports of deficits in dorsal stream-mediated functioning in individuals with this disorder, these results reveal that, compared to mental age-matched TD infants, infants with FXS could maintain the identity of static, but not dynamic, object information during occlusion. These findings are the first to experimentally evaluate visual object processing skills in infants with FXS, and further support the hypothesis of dorsal stream difficulties in infants with this developmental disorder.

Citing Articles

Electroretinography and contrast sensitivity, complementary translational biomarkers of sensory deficits in the visual system of individuals with fragile X syndrome.

Perche O, Lesne F, Patat A, Raab S, Twyman R, Ring R J Neurodev Disord. 2021; 13(1):45.

PMID: 34625026 PMC: 8501595. DOI: 10.1186/s11689-021-09375-0.

Altered brain-wide auditory networks in a zebrafish model of fragile X syndrome.

Constantin L, Poulsen R, Scholz L, Favre-Bulle I, Taylor M, Sun B BMC Biol. 2020; 18(1):125.

PMID: 32938458 PMC: 7493858. DOI: 10.1186/s12915-020-00857-6.

Impaired Attention Orienting in Young Children With Fragile X Syndrome.

Chernenok M, Burris J, Owen E, Rivera S Front Psychol. 2019; 10:1567.

PMID: 31354578 PMC: 6635477. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01567.

Sensory Processing Phenotypes in Fragile X Syndrome.

Rais M, Binder D, Razak K, Ethell I ASN Neuro. 2018; 10:1759091418801092.

PMID: 30231625 PMC: 6149018. DOI: 10.1177/1759091418801092.

Visual motion processing deficits in infants with the fragile X premutation.

Gallego P, Burris J, Rivera S J Neurodev Disord. 2014; 6(1):29.

PMID: 25093044 PMC: 4121307. DOI: 10.1186/1866-1955-6-29.

References

Seiffert A, Cavanagh P . Position displacement, not velocity, is the cue to motion detection of second-order stimuli. Vision Res. 1999; 38(22):3569-82. DOI: 10.1016/s0042-6989(98)00035-2. View

Culham J, Brandt S, Cavanagh P, Kanwisher N, Dale A, Tootell R . Cortical fMRI activation produced by attentive tracking of moving targets. J Neurophysiol. 1998; 80(5):2657-70. DOI: 10.1152/jn.1998.80.5.2657. View

Comery T, Harris J, Willems P, Oostra B, Irwin S, Weiler I . Abnormal dendritic spines in fragile X knockout mice: maturation and pruning deficits. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997; 94(10):5401-4. PMC: 24690. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.94.10.5401. View

Leslie A, Xu F, Tremoulet P, Scholl B . Indexing and the object concept: developing `what' and `where' systems. Trends Cogn Sci. 2011; 2(1):10-8. DOI: 10.1016/s1364-6613(97)01113-3. View

Yantis S . Multielement visual tracking: attention and perceptual organization. Cogn Psychol. 1992; 24(3):295-340. DOI: 10.1016/0010-0285(92)90010-y. View

Farzin F, Whitney D, Hagerman R, Rivera S . Contrast detection in infants with fragile X syndrome. Vision Res. 2008; 48(13):1471-8. PMC: 2486371. DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2008.03.019. View

Sperling G . Three stages and two systems of visual processing. Spat Vis. 1989; 4(2-3):183-207. DOI: 10.1163/156856889x00112. View

Kogan C, Bertone A, Cornish K, Boutet I, Der Kaloustian V, Andermann E . Integrative cortical dysfunction and pervasive motion perception deficit in fragile X syndrome. Neurology. 2004; 63(9):1634-9. DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000142987.44035.3b. View

Battelli L, Cavanagh P, Intriligator J, Tramo M, Henaff M, Michel F . Unilateral right parietal damage leads to bilateral deficit for high-level motion. Neuron. 2002; 32(6):985-95. DOI: 10.1016/s0896-6273(01)00536-0. View

10.

Battelli L, Pascual-Leone A, Cavanagh P . The 'when' pathway of the right parietal lobe. Trends Cogn Sci. 2007; 11(5):204-10. PMC: 3613278. DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2007.03.001. View

11.

Richardson D, Kirkham N . Multimodal events and moving locations: eye movements of adults and 6-month-olds reveal dynamic spatial indexing. J Exp Psychol Gen. 2004; 133(1):46-62. DOI: 10.1037/0096-3445.133.1.46. View

12.

Pasternak T, Greenlee M . Working memory in primate sensory systems. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2005; 6(2):97-107. DOI: 10.1038/nrn1603. View

13.

Cavanagh P . Attention-based motion perception. Science. 1992; 257(5076):1563-5. DOI: 10.1126/science.1523411. View

14.

Leslie A, Kaldy Z . Indexing individual objects in infant working memory. J Exp Child Psychol. 2001; 78(1):61-74; discussion 98-106. DOI: 10.1006/jecp.2000.2599. View

15.

Mareschal D, Johnson M . The "what" and "where" of object representations in infancy. Cognition. 2003; 88(3):259-76. DOI: 10.1016/s0010-0277(03)00039-8. View

16.

Crawford D, ACUNA J, Sherman S . FMR1 and the fragile X syndrome: human genome epidemiology review. Genet Med. 2001; 3(5):359-71. PMC: 4493892. DOI: 10.1097/00125817-200109000-00006. View

17.

Xu Y, Chun M . Dissociable neural mechanisms supporting visual short-term memory for objects. Nature. 2005; 440(7080):91-5. DOI: 10.1038/nature04262. View

18.

Spelke E, Katz G, Purcell S, Ehrlich S, BREINLINGER K . Early knowledge of object motion: continuity and inertia. Cognition. 1994; 51(2):131-76. DOI: 10.1016/0010-0277(94)90013-2. View

19.

Mohr H, Linden D . Separation of the systems for color and spatial manipulation in working memory revealed by a dual-task procedure. J Cogn Neurosci. 2005; 17(2):355-66. DOI: 10.1162/0898929053124929. View

20.

Shuwairi S, Curtis C, Johnson S . Neural substrates of dynamic object occlusion. J Cogn Neurosci. 2007; 19(8):1275-85. PMC: 3133772. DOI: 10.1162/jocn.2007.19.8.1275. View