Correlates and Consequences of Venous Thromboembolism: The Iowa Women's Health Study

Overview

Journal Am J Public Health

Specialty Public Health

Date 2009 Nov 14

PMID 19910349

Citations 42

Authors

Pamela L Lutsey

Beth A Virnig

Sara B Durham

Lyn M Steffen

Alan T Hirsch

David R Jacobs Jr

Aaron R Folsom

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Objectives: We sought to document incidence, case-fatality, and recurrence rates of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in women and to explore the relationship of demographic, lifestyle, and anthropometric factors to VTE incidence.

Methods: Data from participants aged 55 to 69 years in the Iowa Women's Health Study were linked to Medicare data for 1986 through 2004 (n = 40 377) to identify hospitalized VTE patients.

Results: A total of 2137 women developed VTE, yielding an incidence rate of 4.04 per 1000 person-years. The 28-day case-fatality rate was 7.7%, and the 1-year recurrence rate was 3.4%. Educational attainment, physical activity, and age at menopause were inversely associated with VTE. Risk of secondary (particularly cancer-related) VTE was higher among smokers than among those who had never smoked. Body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, height, and diabetes were positively associated with VTE risk. Hormone replacement therapy use was associated with increased risk of idiopathic VTE.

Conclusions: VTE is a significant source of morbidity and mortality in older women. Risk was elevated among women who were smokers, physically inactive, overweight, and diabetic, indicating that lifestyle contributes to VTE risk.

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