Nymphalid Butterflies Diversify Following Near Demise at the Cretaceous/Tertiary Boundary

Overview

Journal Proc Biol Sci

Specialty Biology

Date 2009 Oct 2

PMID 19793750

Citations 101

Authors

Niklas Wahlberg

Julien Leneveu

Ullasa Kodandaramaiah

Carlos Pena

Soren Nylin

Andre V L Freitas

Andrew V Z Brower

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The butterfly family Nymphalidae contains some of the most important non-drosophilid insect model systems for evolutionary and ecological studies, yet the evolutionary history of the group has remained shrouded in mystery. We have inferred a robust phylogenetic hypothesis based on sequences of 10 genes and 235 morphological characters for exemplars of 400 of the 540 valid nymphalid genera representing all major lineages of the family. By dating the branching events, we infer that Nymphalidae originated in the Cretaceous at 90 Ma, but that the ancestors of 10-12 lineages survived the end-Cretaceous catastrophe in the Neotropical and Oriental regions. Patterns of diversification suggest extinction of lineages at the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary (65 Ma) and subsequent elevated speciation rates in the Tertiary.

Citing Articles

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