Epidemiology of HIV-associated Tuberculosis

Overview

Journal Curr Opin HIV AIDS

Specialty Infectious Diseases

Date 2009 Jun 18

PMID 19532072

Citations 79

Authors

Stephen D Lawn

Gavin Churchyard

Affiliations

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Abstract

Purpose Of Review: We review literature concerning the epidemiology of HIV-associated tuberculosis (HIV-TB), focusing on articles published between 2007 and 2008.

Recent Findings: An estimated 1.37 million new cases of HIV-TB occurred in 2007, representing 15% of the total global burden of TB. In addition, an estimated 456 000 HIV-TB deaths accounted for 23% of global HIV/AIDS mortality. Sub-Saharan Africa is the worst affected region with 79% of the disease burden. The epicentre of the coepidemic lies in the south of the continent, with South Africa alone accounting for over one quarter of all cases. A critical overlap between HIV and the global multidrug-resistant TB epidemics is emerging. Although it is as yet unclear whether HIV is driving a disproportionate increase in multidrug-resistant TB cases at a population level, HIV has nevertheless been a potent risk factor for institutional outbreaks, especially in South Africa and eastern Europe. Increasing data have highlighted the risk of TB among HIV-infected healthcare workers in resource-limited settings. However, many studies also show the major benefits to be derived from antiretroviral therapy in high-income and low-income countries.

Summary: HIV-TB remains a major challenge to global health that requires substantial increases in resource allocation and concerted international action.

Citing Articles

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Ye X, Liu F, Cheng Z, Xie F AAPS J. 2025; 27(2):59.

PMID: 40074933 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-025-01042-9.

Stool Sampling as a Non-invasive Method to Confirm Miliary Tuberculosis in a Patient With a History of HIV Infection.

Chepenko K, Turabova U, Hassan A, Kakhktsyan T, Turcan V Cureus. 2024; 16(7):e64843.

PMID: 39156346 PMC: 11330283. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.64843.

C-reactive protein-based tuberculosis triage testing: a multi-country diagnostic accuracy study.

Derendinger B, Mochizuki T, Marcelo D, Shankar D, Mangeni W, Nguyen H medRxiv. 2024; .

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Trifluoroacetic acid-mediated synthesis of xanthene constructs and their extensive anti-tuberculosis evaluation.

Teli B, Mubarak M, Ahmad Z, Bhat B RSC Med Chem. 2024; 15(4):1295-1306.

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Management of Tuberculosis Infection: Current Situation, Recent Developments and Operational Challenges.

Agbota G, Bonnet M, Lienhardt C Pathogens. 2023; 12(3).

PMID: 36986284 PMC: 10051832. DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12030362.

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