Lung Volume, Breathing Pattern and Ventilation Inhomogeneity in Preterm and Term Infants

Overview

Journal PLoS One

Specialties General Medicine
Science

Date 2009 Feb 28

PMID 19247491

Citations 29

Authors

Philipp Latzin

Stefan Roth

Cindy Thamrin

Gerard J Hutten

Isabelle Pramana

Claudia E Kuehni

Carmen Casaulta

Matthias Nelle

Thomas Riedel

Urs Frey

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Morphological changes in preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) have functional consequences on lung volume, ventilation inhomogeneity and respiratory mechanics. Although some studies have shown lower lung volumes and increased ventilation inhomogeneity in BPD infants, conflicting results exist possibly due to differences in sedation and measurement techniques.

Methodology/principal Findings: We studied 127 infants with BPD, 58 preterm infants without BPD and 239 healthy term-born infants, at a matched post-conceptional age of 44 weeks during quiet natural sleep according to ATS/ERS standards. Lung function parameters measured were functional residual capacity (FRC) and ventilation inhomogeneity by multiple breath washout as well as tidal breathing parameters. Preterm infants with BPD had only marginally lower FRC (21.4 mL/kg) than preterm infants without BPD (23.4 mL/kg) and term-born infants (22.6 mL/kg), though there was no trend with disease severity. They also showed higher respiratory rates and lower ratios of time to peak expiratory flow and expiratory time (t(PTEF)/t(E)) than healthy preterm and term controls. These changes were related to disease severity. No differences were found for ventilation inhomogeneity.

Conclusions: Our results suggest that preterm infants with BPD have a high capacity to maintain functional lung volume during natural sleep. The alterations in breathing pattern with disease severity may reflect presence of adaptive mechanisms to cope with the disease process.

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