A Double Dissociation Between Striate and Extrastriate Visual Cortex for Pattern Motion Perception Revealed Using RTMS

Overview

Journal Hum Brain Mapp

Publisher Wiley

Specialty Neurology

Date 2009 Feb 19

PMID 19224619

Citations 18

Authors

Benjamin Thompson

Craig Aaen-Stockdale

Lisa Koski

Robert F Hess

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The neural mechanisms underlying the integration and segregation of motion signals are often studied using plaid stimuli. These stimuli consist of two spatially coincident dynamic gratings of differing orientations, which are either perceived to move in two unique directions or are integrated by the visual system to elicit the percept of a checkerboard moving in a single direction. Computations pertaining to the motion of the individual component gratings are thought to take place in striate cortex (V1) whereas motion integration is thought to involve neurons in dorsal stream extrastriate visual areas, particularly V5/MT. By combining a psychophysical task that employed plaid stimuli with 1 Hz offline repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), we demonstrated a double dissociation between striate and extrastriate visual cortex in terms of their contributions to motion integration. rTMS over striate cortex increased coherent motion percepts whereas rTMS over extrastriate cortex had the opposite effect. These effects were robust directly after the stimulation administration and gradually returned to baseline within 15 minutes. This double dissociation is consistent with previous patient data and the recent hypothesis that both coherent and transparent motion percepts are supported by the visual system simultaneously and compete for perceptual dominance.

Citing Articles

Excitability Changes in Occipital Cortex After Continuous Theta-Burst Stimulation.

Aghamirzayeva K, Temucin C, Yildiz F Noro Psikiyatr Ars. 2024; 67(3):228-234.

PMID: 39258130 PMC: 11382566. DOI: 10.29399/npa.28431.

Can visual cortex non-invasive brain stimulation improve normal visual function? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Bello U, Wang J, Park A, Tan K, Cheung B, Thompson B Front Neurosci. 2023; 17:1119200.

PMID: 36937668 PMC: 10017867. DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1119200.

Perception of Coherent Motion in Infantile Nystagmus Syndrome.

Dai B, Cham K, Abel L Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2022; 63(1):31.

PMID: 35072688 PMC: 8802013. DOI: 10.1167/iovs.63.1.31.

Visual Short-Term Memory for Coherent and Sequential Motion: A rTMS Investigation.

Pavan A, Ghin F, Campana G Brain Sci. 2021; 11(11).

PMID: 34827470 PMC: 8615668. DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11111471.

Binocular Integration of Perceptually Suppressed Visual Information in Amblyopia.

Chow A, Silva A, Tsang K, Ng G, Ho C, Thompson B Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2021; 62(12):11.

PMID: 34515731 PMC: 8444466. DOI: 10.1167/iovs.62.12.11.

References

Felleman D, Van Essen D . Distributed hierarchical processing in the primate cerebral cortex. Cereb Cortex. 1991; 1(1):1-47. DOI: 10.1093/cercor/1.1.1-a. View

Fitzgerald P, Fountain S, Daskalakis Z . A comprehensive review of the effects of rTMS on motor cortical excitability and inhibition. Clin Neurophysiol. 2006; 117(12):2584-96. DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2006.06.712. View

Casanova C, Merabet L, Desautels A, Minville K . Higher-order motion processing in the pulvinar. Prog Brain Res. 2001; 134:71-82. DOI: 10.1016/s0079-6123(01)34006-2. View

Thompson B, Mansouri B, Koski L, Hess R . Brain plasticity in the adult: modulation of function in amblyopia with rTMS. Curr Biol. 2008; 18(14):1067-71. DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2008.06.052. View

Thompson B, Aaen-Stockdale C, Mansouri B, Hess R . Plaid perception is only subtly impaired in strabismic amblyopia. Vision Res. 2008; 48(11):1307-14. DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2008.02.020. View

Hupe J, Rubin N . The oblique plaid effect. Vision Res. 2003; 44(5):489-500. DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2003.07.013. View

Sheppard B, Pettigrew J . Plaid motion rivalry: correlates with binocular rivalry and positive mood state. Perception. 2006; 35(2):157-69. DOI: 10.1068/p5395. View

Merabet L, Desautels A, Minville K, Casanova C . Motion integration in a thalamic visual nucleus. Nature. 1998; 396(6708):265-8. DOI: 10.1038/24382. View

Pascual-Leone A, Walsh V . Fast backprojections from the motion to the primary visual area necessary for visual awareness. Science. 2001; 292(5516):510-2. DOI: 10.1126/science.1057099. View

10.

Deblieck C, Thompson B, Iacoboni M, Wu A . Correlation between motor and phosphene thresholds: a transcranial magnetic stimulation study. Hum Brain Mapp. 2007; 29(6):662-70. PMC: 6870884. DOI: 10.1002/hbm.20427. View

11.

Brighina F, Piazza A, Daniele O, Fierro B . Modulation of visual cortical excitability in migraine with aura: effects of 1 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation. Exp Brain Res. 2002; 145(2):177-81. DOI: 10.1007/s00221-002-1096-7. View

12.

Kammer T, Puls K, Erb M, Grodd W . Transcranial magnetic stimulation in the visual system. II. Characterization of induced phosphenes and scotomas. Exp Brain Res. 2004; 160(1):129-40. DOI: 10.1007/s00221-004-1992-0. View

13.

Wenderoth P, Watson J, Egan G, Tochon-Danguy H, Okeefe G . Second order components of moving plaids activate extrastriate cortex: a positron emission tomography study. Neuroimage. 1999; 9(2):227-34. DOI: 10.1006/nimg.1998.0398. View

14.

Dumoulin S, Bittar R, Kabani N, Baker Jr C, Le Goualher G, Pike G . A new anatomical landmark for reliable identification of human area V5/MT: a quantitative analysis of sulcal patterning. Cereb Cortex. 2000; 10(5):454-63. DOI: 10.1093/cercor/10.5.454. View

15.

Huk A, Heeger D . Pattern-motion responses in human visual cortex. Nat Neurosci. 2001; 5(1):72-5. DOI: 10.1038/nn774. View

16.

Machii K, Cohen D, Ramos-Estebanez C, Pascual-Leone A . Safety of rTMS to non-motor cortical areas in healthy participants and patients. Clin Neurophysiol. 2006; 117(2):455-71. DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2005.10.014. View

17.

Sherman S, Guillery R . The role of the thalamus in the flow of information to the cortex. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2003; 357(1428):1695-708. PMC: 1693087. DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2002.1161. View

18.

Gegenfurtner K, Kiper D, Levitt J . Functional properties of neurons in macaque area V3. J Neurophysiol. 1997; 77(4):1906-23. DOI: 10.1152/jn.1997.77.4.1906. View

19.

Sincich L, Park K, Wohlgemuth M, Horton J . Bypassing V1: a direct geniculate input to area MT. Nat Neurosci. 2004; 7(10):1123-8. DOI: 10.1038/nn1318. View

20.

Fierro B, Brighina F, Vitello G, Piazza A, Scalia S, Giglia G . Modulatory effects of low- and high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on visual cortex of healthy subjects undergoing light deprivation. J Physiol. 2005; 565(Pt 2):659-65. PMC: 1464536. DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2004.080184. View