Stem Cell Fate Dictated Solely by Altered Nanotube Dimension

Overview

Journal Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

Specialty Science

Date 2009 Jan 31

PMID 19179282

Citations 284

Authors

Seunghan Oh

Karla S Brammer

Y S Julie Li

Dayu Teng

Adam J Engler

Shu Chien

Sungho Jin

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Two important goals in stem cell research are to control the cell proliferation without differentiation and to direct the differentiation into a specific cell lineage when desired. Here, we demonstrate such paths by controlling only the nanotopography of culture substrates. Altering the dimensions of nanotubular-shaped titanium oxide surface structures independently allowed either augmented human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) adhesion or a specific differentiation of hMSCs into osteoblasts by using only the geometric cues, absent of osteogenic inducing media. hMSC behavior in response to defined nanotube sizes revealed a very dramatic change in hMSC behavior in a relatively narrow range of nanotube dimensions. Small (approximately 30-nm diameter) nanotubes promoted adhesion without noticeable differentiation, whereas larger (approximately 70- to 100-nm diameter) nanotubes elicited a dramatic stem cell elongation (approximately 10-fold increased), which induced cytoskeletal stress and selective differentiation into osteoblast-like cells, offering a promising nanotechnology-based route for unique orthopedics-related hMSC treatments.

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