Cloning and Developmental Expression of the SoxB2 Genes, Sox14 and Sox21, During Xenopus Laevis Embryogenesis

Overview

Journal Int J Dev Biol

Specialties Biology
Reproductive Medicine

Date 2008 Oct 29

PMID 18956331

Citations 13

Authors

Doreen D Cunningham

Zhuo Meng

Bernd Fritzsch

Elena Silva Casey

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The Sox family of transcription factors is thought to regulate gene expression in a wide variety of developmental processes. Here we describe the cloning of the X. laevis orthologs of the SoxB2 family of transcription factors, sox14 and sox21. In situ hybridization revealed that sox14 expression is restricted to the hypothalamus, dorsal thalamus, the optic tectum, a region of the somatic motornucleus in the midbrain and hindbrain, the vestibular nuclei in the hindbrain and a discrete ventral domain in the developing spinal cord. In contrast to the limited expression domain of sox14, sox21 is found throughout the developing central nervous system, including the olfactory placodes, with strongest expression at the boundary between the midbrain and hindbrain.

Citing Articles

Sox21 homeologs autoregulate expression levels to control progression through neurogenesis.

Damuth D, Cunningham D, Silva E Genesis. 2024; 62(4):e23612.

PMID: 39054872 PMC: 11584151. DOI: 10.1002/dvg.23612.

The Development and Neuronal Complexity of Bipinnaria Larvae of the Sea Star Asterias rubens.

Carter H, Thompson J, Elphick M, Oliveri P Integr Comp Biol. 2021; 61(2):337-351.

PMID: 34048552 PMC: 8427176. DOI: 10.1093/icb/icab103.

Sox21 Regulates Anapc10 Expression and Determines the Fate of Ectodermal Organ.

Saito K, Michon F, Yamada A, Inuzuka H, Yamaguchi S, Fukumoto E iScience. 2020; 23(7):101329.

PMID: 32674056 PMC: 7363706. DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101329.

Sequential Role of SOXB2 Factors in GABAergic Neuron Specification of the Dorsal Midbrain.

Makrides N, Panayiotou E, Fanis P, Karaiskos C, Lapathitis G, Malas S Front Mol Neurosci. 2018; 11:152.

PMID: 29867344 PMC: 5952183. DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00152.

in sea urchin development: implications in neurogenesis, ciliogenesis and skeletal patterning.

Anishchenko E, Arnone M, DAniello S Evodevo. 2018; 9:5.

PMID: 29479411 PMC: 5817722. DOI: 10.1186/s13227-018-0094-1.

References

Bowles J, Schepers G, Koopman P . Phylogeny of the SOX family of developmental transcription factors based on sequence and structural indicators. Dev Biol. 2000; 227(2):239-55. DOI: 10.1006/dbio.2000.9883. View

Hargrave M, Karunaratne A, Cox L, Wood S, Koopman P, Yamada T . The HMG box transcription factor gene Sox14 marks a novel subset of ventral interneurons and is regulated by sonic hedgehog. Dev Biol. 2000; 219(1):142-53. DOI: 10.1006/dbio.1999.9581. View

Bachy I, Vernier P, Retaux S . The LIM-homeodomain gene family in the developing Xenopus brain: conservation and divergences with the mouse related to the evolution of the forebrain. J Neurosci. 2001; 21(19):7620-9. PMC: 6762902. View

Guo S, Brush J, Teraoka H, Goddard A, Wilson S, Mullins M . Development of noradrenergic neurons in the zebrafish hindbrain requires BMP, FGF8, and the homeodomain protein soulless/Phox2a. Neuron. 1999; 24(3):555-66. DOI: 10.1016/s0896-6273(00)81112-5. View

Clamp M, Cuff J, Searle S, Barton G . The Jalview Java alignment editor. Bioinformatics. 2004; 20(3):426-7. DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btg430. View

Bachy I, Berthon J, Retaux S . Defining pallial and subpallial divisions in the developing Xenopus forebrain. Mech Dev. 2002; 117(1-2):163-72. DOI: 10.1016/s0925-4773(02)00199-5. View

Bermingham N, Hassan B, Wang V, Fernandez M, Banfi S, Bellen H . Proprioceptor pathway development is dependent on Math1. Neuron. 2001; 30(2):411-22. DOI: 10.1016/s0896-6273(01)00305-1. View

Talikka M, Stefani G, Brivanlou A, Zimmerman K . Characterization of Xenopus Phox2a and Phox2b defines expression domains within the embryonic nervous system and early heart field. Gene Expr Patterns. 2004; 4(5):601-7. DOI: 10.1016/j.modgep.2004.01.012. View

Hemmati-Brivanlou A, de la Torre J, Holt C, Harland R . Cephalic expression and molecular characterization of Xenopus En-2. Development. 1991; 111(3):715-24. DOI: 10.1242/dev.111.3.715. View

10.

Harland R . In situ hybridization: an improved whole-mount method for Xenopus embryos. Methods Cell Biol. 1991; 36:685-95. DOI: 10.1016/s0091-679x(08)60307-6. View

11.

Hartenstein V . Early pattern of neuronal differentiation in the Xenopus embryonic brainstem and spinal cord. J Comp Neurol. 1993; 328(2):213-31. DOI: 10.1002/cne.903280205. View

12.

Stevanovic M, Lovell-Badge R, Collignon J, Goodfellow P . SOX3 is an X-linked gene related to SRY. Hum Mol Genet. 1993; 2(12):2013-8. DOI: 10.1093/hmg/2.12.2013. View

13.

Wilson P, Melton D . Mesodermal patterning by an inducer gradient depends on secondary cell-cell communication. Curr Biol. 1994; 4(8):676-86. DOI: 10.1016/s0960-9822(00)00152-4. View

14.

Rex M, Uwanogho D, Orme A, Scotting P, Sharpe P . cSox21 exhibits a complex and dynamic pattern of transcription during embryonic development of the chick central nervous system. Mech Dev. 1997; 66(1-2):39-53. DOI: 10.1016/s0925-4773(97)00086-5. View

15.

Hollemann T, Bellefroid E, Pieler T . The Xenopus homologue of the Drosophila gene tailless has a function in early eye development. Development. 1998; 125(13):2425-32. DOI: 10.1242/dev.125.13.2425. View

16.

De Martino S, Errington F, Ashworth A, Jowett T, Austin C . sox30: a novel zebrafish sox gene expressed in a restricted manner at the midbrain-hindbrain boundary during neurogenesis. Dev Genes Evol. 1999; 209(6):357-62. DOI: 10.1007/s004270050264. View

17.

Uchikawa M, Kamachi Y, Kondoh H . Two distinct subgroups of Group B Sox genes for transcriptional activators and repressors: their expression during embryonic organogenesis of the chicken. Mech Dev. 1999; 84(1-2):103-20. DOI: 10.1016/s0925-4773(99)00083-0. View

18.

Sandberg M, Kallstrom M, Muhr J . Sox21 promotes the progression of vertebrate neurogenesis. Nat Neurosci. 2005; 8(8):995-1001. DOI: 10.1038/nn1493. View

19.

Regad T, Roth M, Bredenkamp N, Illing N, Papalopulu N . The neural progenitor-specifying activity of FoxG1 is antagonistically regulated by CKI and FGF. Nat Cell Biol. 2007; 9(5):531-40. DOI: 10.1038/ncb1573. View

20.

Kurrasch D, Cheung C, Lee F, Tran P, Hata K, Ingraham H . The neonatal ventromedial hypothalamus transcriptome reveals novel markers with spatially distinct patterning. J Neurosci. 2007; 27(50):13624-34. PMC: 6673626. DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2858-07.2007. View