BMP4 is Required in the Anterior Heart Field and Its Derivatives for Endocardial Cushion Remodeling, Outflow Tract Septation, and Semilunar Valve Development

Overview

Journal Dev Dyn

Publisher Wiley

Specialty Anatomy & Histology

Date 2008 Oct 17

PMID 18924235

Citations 90

Authors

David J McCulley

Ji-One Kang

James F Martin

Brian L Black

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The endocardial cushions play a critical role in septation of the four-chambered mammalian heart and in the formation of the valve leaflets that control blood flow through the heart. Within the outflow tract (OFT), both cardiac neural crest and endocardial-derived mesenchymal cells contribute to the endocardial cushions. Bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) is required for endocardial cushion development and for normal septation of the OFT. In the present study, we show that anterior heart field (AHF)-derived myocardium is an essential source of BMP4 required for normal endocardial cushion expansion and remodeling. Loss of BMP4 from the AHF in mice results in an insufficient number of cells in the developing OFT endocardial cushions, defective cushion remodeling, ventricular septal defects, persistent truncus arteriosus, and abnormal semilunar valve formation.

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