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The Art of MicroRNA: Various Strategies Leading to Gene Silencing Via an Ancient Pathway

Overview
Specialties Biochemistry
Biophysics
Date 2008 Jul 16
PMID 18620087
Citations 20
Authors
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Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNAs), an endogenous type of small RNAs of approximately 22 nucleotides (nt), have long resided in the cells of plants and animals including humans, constituting an ancient pathway of gene regulation in eukaryotes. They have a simple structure in their mature form but carry enormous information that may regulate up to 90% of the human transcriptome. Furthermore, the multi-facets of a miRNA are tightly associated with diverse cellular proteins that make it broadly connected to various physiological and pathological processes. This review aims to examine miRNAs briefly from their biogenesis to their general functions with an emphasis on working mechanisms in regulation of their target mRNAs.

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