Genetic Determinants of Virulence in Pathogenic Lineage 2 West Nile Virus Strains

Overview

Journal Emerg Infect Dis

Specialty Infectious Diseases

Date 2008 Feb 9

PMID 18258114

Citations 57

Authors

Elizabeth M Botha

Wanda Markotter

Mariaan Wolfaardt

Janusz T Paweska

Robert Swanepoel

Gustavio Palacios

Louis H Nel

Marietjie Venter

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

We determined complete genome sequences of lineage 2 West Nile virus (WNV) strains isolated from patients in South Africa who had mild or severe WNV infections. These strains had previously been shown to produce either highly or less neuroinvasive infection and induced genes similar to corresponding highly or less neuroinvasive lineage 1 strains in mice. Phylogenetic and amino acid comparison of highly and less neuroinvasive lineage 2 strains demonstrated that the nonstructural genes, especially the nonstructural protein 5 gene, were most variable. All South African lineage 2 strains possessed the envelope-protein glycosylation site previously postulated to be associated with virulence. Major deletions existed in the 3 noncoding region of 2 lineage 2 strains previously shown to be either less or not neuroinvasive relative to the highly neuroinvasive strains sequenced in this study.

Citing Articles

Advancing West Nile virus monitoring through whole genome sequencing: Insights from a One Health genomic surveillance study in Romagna (Italy).

Brandolini M, De Pascali A, Zaghi I, Dirani G, Zannoli S, Ingletto L One Health. 2024; 19:100937.

PMID: 39650147 PMC: 11621796. DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100937.

Development of Vaccines against Emerging Mosquito-Vectored Arbovirus Infections.

Principi N, Esposito S Vaccines (Basel). 2024; 12(1).

PMID: 38250900 PMC: 10818606. DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12010087.

Genomic epidemiology of West Nile virus in Europe.

Koch R, Erazo D, Folly A, Johnson N, Dellicour S, Grubaugh N One Health. 2024; 18:100664.

PMID: 38193029 PMC: 10772404. DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2023.100664.

Reoccurrence of West Nile virus lineage 1 after 2-year decline: first equine outbreak in Campania region.

De Martinis C, Cardillo L, Pesce F, Viscardi M, Cozzolino L, Paradiso R Front Vet Sci. 2023; 10:1314738.

PMID: 38098986 PMC: 10720362. DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1314738.

A historical perspective on arboviruses of public health interest in Southern Africa.

Hungwe F, Laycock K, Ntereke T, Mabaka R, Paganotti G Pathog Glob Health. 2023; 118(2):131-159.

PMID: 38082563 PMC: 11141323. DOI: 10.1080/20477724.2023.2290375.

References

Venter M, Myers T, Wilson M, Kindt T, Paweska J, Burt F . Gene expression in mice infected with West Nile virus strains of different neurovirulence. Virology. 2005; 342(1):119-40. DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2005.07.013. View

Lanciotti R, Roehrig J, Deubel V, Smith J, Parker M, Steele K . Origin of the West Nile virus responsible for an outbreak of encephalitis in the northeastern United States. Science. 1999; 286(5448):2333-7. DOI: 10.1126/science.286.5448.2333. View

Castle E, Nowak T, Leidner U, WENGLER G . Sequence analysis of the viral core protein and the membrane-associated proteins V1 and NV2 of the flavivirus West Nile virus and of the genome sequence for these proteins. Virology. 1985; 145(2):227-36. DOI: 10.1016/0042-6822(85)90156-4. View

Beasley D, Li L, Suderman M, Barrett A . Mouse neuroinvasive phenotype of West Nile virus strains varies depending upon virus genotype. Virology. 2002; 296(1):17-23. DOI: 10.1006/viro.2002.1372. View

Ding X, Wu X, Duan T, Siirin M, Guzman H, Yang Z . Nucleotide and amino acid changes in West Nile virus strains exhibiting renal tropism in hamsters. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2005; 73(4):803-7. View

Davis C, Beasley D, Guzman H, Siirin M, Parsons R, Tesh R . Emergence of attenuated West Nile virus variants in Texas, 2003. Virology. 2004; 330(1):342-50. DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2004.09.016. View

Wicker J, Whiteman M, Beasley D, Davis C, Zhang S, Schneider B . A single amino acid substitution in the central portion of the West Nile virus NS4B protein confers a highly attenuated phenotype in mice. Virology. 2006; 349(2):245-53. DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2006.03.007. View

Kinney R, Huang C, Whiteman M, Bowen R, Langevin S, Miller B . Avian virulence and thermostable replication of the North American strain of West Nile virus. J Gen Virol. 2006; 87(Pt 12):3611-3622. DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.82299-0. View

Hurrelbrink R, McMinn P . Molecular determinants of virulence: the structural and functional basis for flavivirus attenuation. Adv Virus Res. 2003; 60:1-42. DOI: 10.1016/s0065-3527(03)60001-1. View

10.

Thompson J, Higgins D, Gibson T . CLUSTAL W: improving the sensitivity of progressive multiple sequence alignment through sequence weighting, position-specific gap penalties and weight matrix choice. Nucleic Acids Res. 1994; 22(22):4673-80. PMC: 308517. DOI: 10.1093/nar/22.22.4673. View

11.

Puig-Basagoiti F, Tilgner M, Bennett C, Zhou Y, Munoz-Jordan J, Garcia-Sastre A . A mouse cell-adapted NS4B mutation attenuates West Nile virus RNA synthesis. Virology. 2006; 361(1):229-41. PMC: 1952232. DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2006.11.012. View

12.

Beasley D, Whiteman M, Zhang S, Huang C, Schneider B, Smith D . Envelope protein glycosylation status influences mouse neuroinvasion phenotype of genetic lineage 1 West Nile virus strains. J Virol. 2005; 79(13):8339-47. PMC: 1143769. DOI: 10.1128/JVI.79.13.8339-8347.2005. View

13.

Petersen L, Roehrig J . West Nile virus: a reemerging global pathogen. Emerg Infect Dis. 2001; 7(4):611-4. PMC: 2631751. DOI: 10.3201/eid0704.010401. View

14.

von Heijne G . A new method for predicting signal sequence cleavage sites. Nucleic Acids Res. 1986; 14(11):4683-90. PMC: 311474. DOI: 10.1093/nar/14.11.4683. View

15.

Shurtleff A, Beasley D, Chen J, Ni H, Suderman M, Wang H . Genetic variation in the 3' non-coding region of dengue viruses. Virology. 2001; 281(1):75-87. DOI: 10.1006/viro.2000.0748. View

16.

Bakonyi T, Ivanics E, Erdelyi K, Ursu K, Ferenczi E, Weissenbock H . Lineage 1 and 2 strains of encephalitic West Nile virus, central Europe. Emerg Infect Dis. 2006; 12(4):618-23. PMC: 3294705. DOI: 10.3201/eid1204.051379. View

17.

Beasley D, Davis C, Estrada-Franco J, Navarro-Lopez R, Campomanes-Cortes A, Tesh R . Genome sequence and attenuating mutations in West Nile virus isolate from Mexico. Emerg Infect Dis. 2005; 10(12):2221-4. PMC: 3323401. DOI: 10.3201/eid1012.040647. View

18.

Beasley D . Recent advances in the molecular biology of west nile virus. Curr Mol Med. 2005; 5(8):835-50. DOI: 10.2174/156652405774962272. View

19.

Campbell G, Marfin A, Lanciotti R, Gubler D . West Nile virus. Lancet Infect Dis. 2002; 2(9):519-29. DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(02)00368-7. View

20.

Lindenbach B, Rice C . Molecular biology of flaviviruses. Adv Virus Res. 2003; 59:23-61. DOI: 10.1016/s0065-3527(03)59002-9. View