Morphology and Mechanical Behavior of TTCP-derived Calcium Phosphate Cement Subcutaneously Implanted in Rats

Overview

Journal J Mater Sci Mater Med

Publisher Springer

Specialty Biomedical Engineering

Date 2008 Jan 11

PMID 18185915

Citations 1

Authors

C H Tsai

C P Ju

J H Chern Lin

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

A pre-hardened, TTCP-derived CPC was immersed in Hanks' solution as well as subcutaneously implanted into abdomen of rats. The implant-soft tissue interfacial morphology was examined and properties of the CPC were evaluated and compared under in vitro and in vivo conditions. The results indicate that the surface of immersed samples appeared rougher and more porous than that of implanted samples and was covered with a layer of fine apatite crystals. The CPC samples implanted for 4 weeks or longer were surrounded by a layer of fibrous tissue, which was further surrounded by a soft tissue capsule comprising numerous fat cells. The soft tissue capsule had a non-uniform distribution in thickness, which increased most significantly between 4 weeks and 12 weeks after implantation. None of polymorphic cells, osteoblast cells or bone cells adjacent to the implant were observed. The majority of original TTCP powder was transformed into apatite after 1 day of either immersion in Hanks' solution or implantation. The average porosity values of samples immersed in Hanks' solution for 4 weeks or longer were significantly larger than those immersed for 1 day or 1 week. The porosity values of samples implanted for different times were not significantly different. The DTS values of Hanks' solution-immersed samples largely decreased after a few weeks of immersion. The implanted samples maintained their strengths throughout the study.

Citing Articles

Self-setting calcium orthophosphate formulations.

Dorozhkin S J Funct Biomater. 2014; 4(4):209-311.

PMID: 24956191 PMC: 4030932. DOI: 10.3390/jfb4040209.

References

Daculsi G, Passuti N, Martin S, Deudon C, LeGeros R, Raher S . Macroporous calcium phosphate ceramic for long bone surgery in humans and dogs. Clinical and histological study. J Biomed Mater Res. 1990; 24(3):379-96. DOI: 10.1002/jbm.820240309. View

Ohura K, Bohner M, Hardouin P, Lemaitre J, Pasquier G, Flautre B . Resorption of, and bone formation from, new beta-tricalcium phosphate-monocalcium phosphate cements: an in vivo study. J Biomed Mater Res. 1996; 30(2):193-200. DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4636(199602)30:2<193::AID-JBM9>3.0.CO;2-M. View

Sarda S, Fernandez E, Nilsson M, Balcells M, Planell J . Kinetic study of citric acid influence on calcium phosphate bone cements as water-reducing agent. J Biomed Mater Res. 2002; 61(4):653-9. DOI: 10.1002/jbm.10264. View

Chen W, Ju C, Chern Lin J . Variation in structure and properties of a non-dispersive TTCP/DCPA-derived CPC immersed in Hanks' solution. J Oral Rehabil. 2007; 34(7):541-51. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2842.2003.01207.x. View

Schliephake H, Gruber R, Dard M, Wenz R, Scholz S . Repair of calvarial defects in rats by prefabricated hydroxyapatite cement implants. J Biomed Mater Res A. 2004; 69(3):382-90. DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.20121. View

Erben R . Embedding of bone samples in methylmethacrylate: an improved method suitable for bone histomorphometry, histochemistry, and immunohistochemistry. J Histochem Cytochem. 1997; 45(2):307-13. DOI: 10.1177/002215549704500215. View

Miyamoto Y, Ishikawa K, Takechi M, Toh T, Yuasa T, Nagayama M . Histological and compositional evaluations of three types of calcium phosphate cements when implanted in subcutaneous tissue immediately after mixing. J Biomed Mater Res. 1999; 48(1):36-42. DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4636(1999)48:1<36::aid-jbm8>3.0.co;2-i. View

Ooms E, Wolke J, van der Waerden J, Jansen J . Trabecular bone response to injectable calcium phosphate (Ca-P) cement. J Biomed Mater Res. 2002; 61(1):9-18. DOI: 10.1002/jbm.10029. View

Chen W, Chern Lin J, Ju C . Transmission electron microscopic study on setting mechanism of tetracalcium phosphate/dicalcium phosphate anhydrous-based calcium phosphate cement. J Biomed Mater Res A. 2003; 64(4):664-71. DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.10250. View

10.

Fernandez E, Ginebra M, Boltong M, Driessens F, Ginebra J, De Maeyer E . Kinetic study of the setting reaction of a calcium phosphate bone cement. J Biomed Mater Res. 1996; 32(3):367-74. DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4636(199611)32:3<367::AID-JBM9>3.0.CO;2-Q. View

11.

Ooms E, Egglezos E, Wolke J, Jansen J . Soft-tissue response to injectable calcium phosphate cements. Biomaterials. 2002; 24(5):749-57. DOI: 10.1016/s0142-9612(02)00408-8. View

12.

Yuan H, Li Y, de Bruijn J, de Groot K, Zhang X . Tissue responses of calcium phosphate cement: a study in dogs. Biomaterials. 2000; 21(12):1283-90. DOI: 10.1016/s0142-9612(00)00016-8. View

13.

Daculsi G, Weiss P, Bouler J, Gauthier O, Millot F, Aguado E . Biphasic calcium phosphate/hydrosoluble polymer composites: a new concept for bone and dental substitution biomaterials. Bone. 1999; 25(2 Suppl):59S-61S. DOI: 10.1016/s8756-3282(99)00135-0. View

14.

Kurashina K, Kurita H, Kotani A, Kobayashi S, Kyoshima K, Hirano M . Experimental cranioplasty and skeletal augmentation using an alpha-tricalcium phosphate/dicalcium phosphate dibasic/tetracalcium phosphate monoxide cement: a preliminary short-term experiment in rabbits. Biomaterials. 1998; 19(7-9):701-6. DOI: 10.1016/s0142-9612(97)00178-6. View

15.

Liu D, Yang Q, Troczynski T, Tseng W . Structural evolution of sol-gel-derived hydroxyapatite. Biomaterials. 2002; 23(7):1679-87. DOI: 10.1016/s0142-9612(01)00295-2. View

16.

Barralet J, Akao M, Aoki H . Dissolution of dense carbonate apatite subcutaneously implanted in Wistar rats. J Biomed Mater Res. 1999; 49(2):176-82. DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4636(200002)49:2<176::aid-jbm4>3.0.co;2-8. View

17.

Yang Z, Yuan H, Tong W, Zou P, Chen W, Zhang X . Osteogenesis in extraskeletally implanted porous calcium phosphate ceramics: variability among different kinds of animals. Biomaterials. 1996; 17(22):2131-7. DOI: 10.1016/0142-9612(96)00044-0. View

18.

Frankenburg E, Goldstein S, Bauer T, Harris S, Poser R . Biomechanical and histological evaluation of a calcium phosphate cement. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1998; 80(8):1112-24. DOI: 10.2106/00004623-199808000-00004. View

19.

Heini P, Berlemann U . Bone substitutes in vertebroplasty. Eur Spine J. 2001; 10 Suppl 2:S205-13. PMC: 3611557. DOI: 10.1007/s005860100308. View

20.

Yamamoto H, Niwa S, Hori M, Hattori T, Sawai K, Aoki S . Mechanical strength of calcium phosphate cement in vivo and in vitro. Biomaterials. 1998; 19(17):1587-91. DOI: 10.1016/s0142-9612(97)00121-x. View