Pay for Performance: is It the Best Way to Improve Control of Hypertension?

Overview

Journal Curr Hypertens Rep

Specialty Cardiology & Vascular Diseases

Date 2008 Jan 8

PMID 18177581

Citations 8

Authors

Tim Doran

Catherine Fullwood

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Pay-for-performance schemes provide financial incentives to health care providers for achieving specified performance targets, and therefore seek to explicitly link physician pay to the quality of care provided for patients. This article provides an overview of the essential elements of pay-for-performance schemes and how these relate to the treatment of hypertension. It also reviews the evidence for the effectiveness of pay-for-performance schemes and analyzes new data from a program in the United Kingdom that provides financial incentives for family practitioners caring for 6 million hypertensive patients. Although several pay-for-performance schemes have proved effective at improving quality of care, few to date have addressed patients with hypertension. Findings from the UK pay-for-performance scheme suggest that generous financial incentives are associated with high levels of achievement for aspects of care for hypertensive patients, but much of this achievement may be attributable to other quality improvement initiatives.

Citing Articles

Association of Economic Policies With Hypertension Management and Control: A Systematic Review.

Zhang D, Lee J, Pollack L, Dong X, Taliano J, Rajan A JAMA Health Forum. 2024; 5(2):e235231.

PMID: 38334993 PMC: 10858400. DOI: 10.1001/jamahealthforum.2023.5231.

Pay-for-performance challenges in family physician program.

Gharibi F, Dadgar E Malays Fam Physician. 2020; 15(2):19-29.

PMID: 32843941 PMC: 7430307.

Effects of pay-for-performance on prescription of hypertension drugs among public and private primary care providers in Sweden.

Ellegard L Int J Health Econ Manag. 2020; 20(3):215-228.

PMID: 31960248 PMC: 7426314. DOI: 10.1007/s10754-020-09278-y.

Cardiovascular Disease Prevention: The Role of Policy Interventions.

Oseran A, Wasfy J Curr Treat Options Cardiovasc Med. 2017; 19(6):43.

PMID: 28466121 DOI: 10.1007/s11936-017-0545-3.

Pay for performance and the management of hypertension.

Foskett-Tharby R, Nick H, Gill P J Transl Int Med. 2017; 4(1):14-19.

PMID: 28191512 PMC: 5290909. DOI: 10.1515/jtim-2016-0004.

References

Doran T, Fullwood C, Gravelle H, Reeves D, Kontopantelis E, Hiroeh U . Pay-for-performance programs in family practices in the United Kingdom. N Engl J Med. 2006; 355(4):375-84. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMsa055505. View

Seddon M, Marshall M, Campbell S, Roland M . Systematic review of studies of quality of clinical care in general practice in the UK, Australia and New Zealand. Qual Health Care. 2001; 10(3):152-8. PMC: 1743427. DOI: 10.1136/qhc.0100152... View

Campbell S, Roland M, Middleton E, Reeves D . Improvements in quality of clinical care in English general practice 1998-2003: longitudinal observational study. BMJ. 2005; 331(7525):1121. PMC: 1283276. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.38632.611123.AE. View

Fahey T, Schroeder K, Ebrahim S . Interventions used to improve control of blood pressure in patients with hypertension. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005; (1):CD005182. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD005182. View

Grady K, Lemkau J, Lee N, Caddell C . Enhancing mammography referral in primary care. Prev Med. 1997; 26(6):791-800. DOI: 10.1006/pmed.1997.0219. View

Primatesta P, Poulter N . Improvement in hypertension management in England: results from the Health Survey for England 2003. J Hypertens. 2006; 24(6):1187-92. DOI: 10.1097/01.hjh.0000226210.95936.bc. View

Rosenthal M, Frank R, Li Z, Epstein A . Early experience with pay-for-performance: from concept to practice. JAMA. 2005; 294(14):1788-93. DOI: 10.1001/jama.294.14.1788. View

Shen Y . Selection incentives in a performance-based contracting system. Health Serv Res. 2003; 38(2):535-52. PMC: 1360913. DOI: 10.1111/1475-6773.00132. View

Beaulieu N, Horrigan D . Putting smart money to work for quality improvement. Health Serv Res. 2005; 40(5 Pt 1):1318-34. PMC: 1361200. DOI: 10.1111/j.1475-6773.2005.00414.x. View

10.

Onysko J, Maxwell C, Eliasziw M, Zhang J, Johansen H, Campbell N . Large increases in hypertension diagnosis and treatment in Canada after a healthcare professional education program. Hypertension. 2006; 48(5):853-60. DOI: 10.1161/01.HYP.0000242335.32890.c6. View

11.

Custers T, Arah O, Klazinga N . Is there a business case for quality in The Netherlands? A critical analysis of the recent reforms of the health care system. Health Policy. 2006; 82(2):226-39. DOI: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2006.09.005. View

12.

Pink G, Brown A, Studer M, Reiter K, Leatt P . Pay-for-performance in publicly financed healthcare: some international experience and considerations for Canada. Healthc Pap. 2006; 6(4):8-26. DOI: 10.12927/hcpap.2006.18260. View

13.

Petersen L, Woodard L, Urech T, Daw C, Sookanan S . Does pay-for-performance improve the quality of health care?. Ann Intern Med. 2006; 145(4):265-72. DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-145-4-200608150-00006. View

14.

Campbell S, Reeves D, Kontopantelis E, Middleton E, Sibbald B, Roland M . Quality of primary care in England with the introduction of pay for performance. N Engl J Med. 2007; 357(2):181-90. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMsr065990. View

15.

Kaplan N . Clinical trials for hypertension: expectations fulfilled and unfulfilled. Hypertension. 2006; 49(2):257-9. DOI: 10.1161/01.HYP.0000253034.35704.92. View

16.

Roland M . Linking physicians' pay to the quality of care--a major experiment in the United kingdom. N Engl J Med. 2004; 351(14):1448-54. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMhpr041294. View

17.

Guthrie B, McLean G, Sutton M . Workload and reward in the Quality and Outcomes Framework of the 2004 general practice contract. Br J Gen Pract. 2006; 56(532):836-41. PMC: 1927091. View

18.

Perkins R, Seddon M . Quality improvement in New Zealand healthcare. Part 5: measurement for monitoring and controlling performance--the quest for external accountability. N Z Med J. 2006; 119(1241):U2149. View

19.

Williams B, Poulter N, Brown M, Davis M, McInnes G, Potter J . British Hypertension Society guidelines for hypertension management 2004 (BHS-IV): summary. BMJ. 2004; 328(7440):634-40. PMC: 381142. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.328.7440.634. View

20.

Hajjar I, Kotchen T . Trends in prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in the United States, 1988-2000. JAMA. 2003; 290(2):199-206. DOI: 10.1001/jama.290.2.199. View