Outer Segment Oligomerization of Rds: Evidence from Mouse Models and Subcellular Fractionation

Overview

Journal Biochemistry

Specialty Biochemistry

Date 2008 Jan 4

PMID 18171083

Citations 38

Authors

Dibyendu Chakraborty

Xi-Qin Ding

Steven J Fliesler

Muna I Naash

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Retinal degeneration slow (Rds) is a photoreceptor-specific tetraspanin glycoprotein essential for photoreceptor outer segment (OS) morphogenesis. Over 80 mutations in this protein are associated with several different retinal diseases. Rds forms a mixture of disulfide-linked homomeric dimers, octamers, and higher-order oligomers, with Cys150 playing a crucial role in its oligomerization. Rds also forms noncovalent homo- and hetero-tetramers with its nonglycosylated homologue, Rom-1. Here, we evaluated the subcellular site of Rds oligomerization and the pattern of Rds/Rom-1 complex assembly in several types of knockout mice, including rhodopsin (Rho-/-, lacking rod OS), Rom-1 (Rom-1-/-), neural retina leucine zipper (Nrl-/-, cone-dominant), and in comparison with wild-type (WT, rod-dominant) mice. Oligomerization and the pattern of complex assembly were also evaluated in OS-enriched vs OS-depleted preparations from WT and Rom-1-/- retinas. Velocity sedimentation under reducing- and nonreducing conditions and co-immunoprecipitation experiments showed the presence of Rds mainly as homo- and hetero-tetramers with Rom-1 in the photoreceptor inner segment (IS), while higher-order, disulfide-linked intermediate complexes and oligomers were exclusively present in the photoreceptor OS. Rom-1-independent oligomerization of Rds was observed in Rom-1-/- retinas. The pattern of Rds complexes in cones from Nrl-/- mice was comparable to that in rods from WT mice. On the basis of these findings, we propose that Rds traffics from the IS to the OS as homo- and hetero-tetramers, with subsequent disulfide-linked oligomerization occurring concomitant with OS disc morphogenesis (at either the base of OS or the tip of the connecting cilium). These results suggest that Rds mutations that interfere with tetramer formation can block Rds trafficking to the OS, leading to loss-of-function defects.

Citing Articles

The PRPH2 D2 Loop: Biochemical Insights and Implications in Disease.

Ikelle L, Al-Ubaidi M, Naash M Adv Exp Med Biol. 2025; 1468:313-317.

PMID: 39930215 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-76550-6_52.

Current and Future Directions in Developing Effective Treatments for PRPH2-Associated Retinal Diseases: A Workshop Report.

Ayyagari R, Borooah S, Durham T, Gelfman C, Bowman A Transl Vis Sci Technol. 2024; 13(10):16.

PMID: 39382871 PMC: 11469193. DOI: 10.1167/tvst.13.10.16.

ROM1 is redundant to PRPH2 as a molecular building block of photoreceptor disc rims.

Lewis T, Makia M, Castillo C, Hao Y, Al-Ubaidi M, Skiba N Elife. 2023; 12.

PMID: 37991486 PMC: 10665016. DOI: 10.7554/eLife.89444.

ROM1 is redundant to PRPH2 as a molecular building block of photoreceptor disc rims.

Lewis T, Makia M, Castillo C, Hao Y, Al-Ubaidi M, Skiba N bioRxiv. 2023; .

PMID: 37693615 PMC: 10491102. DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.02.547380.

Comparative study of PRPH2 D2 loop mutants reveals divergent disease mechanism in rods and cones.

Ikelle L, Makia M, Lewis T, Crane R, Kakakhel M, Conley S Cell Mol Life Sci. 2023; 80(8):214.

PMID: 37466729 PMC: 10356684. DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04851-3.

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