Sleep in the Human Hippocampus: a Stereo-EEG Study

Overview

Journal PLoS One

Specialties General Medicine
Science

Date 2007 Sep 13

PMID 17848998

Citations 27

Authors

Fabio Moroni

Lino Nobili

Giuseppe Curcio

Fabrizio De Carli

Fabiana Fratello

Cristina Marzano

Luigi De Gennaro

Franco Ferrillo

Massimo Cossu

Stefano Francione

Giorgio Lo Russo

Mario Bertini

Michele Ferrara

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: There is compelling evidence indicating that sleep plays a crucial role in the consolidation of new declarative, hippocampus-dependent memories. Given the increasing interest in the spatiotemporal relationships between cortical and hippocampal activity during sleep, this study aimed to shed more light on the basic features of human sleep in the hippocampus.

Methodology/principal Findings: We recorded intracerebral stereo-EEG directly from the hippocampus and neocortical sites in five epileptic patients undergoing presurgical evaluations. The time course of classical EEG frequency bands during the first three NREM-REM sleep cycles of the night was evaluated. We found that delta power shows, also in the hippocampus, the progressive decrease across sleep cycles, indicating that a form of homeostatic regulation of delta activity is present also in this subcortical structure. Hippocampal sleep was also characterized by: i) a lower relative power in the slow oscillation range during NREM sleep compared to the scalp EEG; ii) a flattening of the time course of the very low frequencies (up to 1 Hz) across sleep cycles, with relatively high levels of power even during REM sleep; iii) a decrease of power in the beta band during REM sleep, at odds with the typical increase of power in the cortical recordings.

Conclusions/significance: Our data imply that cortical slow oscillation is attenuated in the hippocampal structures during NREM sleep. The most peculiar feature of hippocampal sleep is the increased synchronization of the EEG rhythms during REM periods. This state of resonance may have a supportive role for the processing/consolidation of memory.

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