Mechanical Stability of Porous-coated Acetabular Components in Total Hip Arthroplasty

Five different porous-coated acetabular prosthetic configurations underwent in vitro testing to assess mechanical stability in embalmed cadaver hemipelves: Harris Galante II cup with three cancellous screws, Biomet Universal cup, Whiteside cup with peripheral pegs, Whiteside cup with two cancellous screws, and plain Whiteside cup. Following implantation in a neutral frame, cyclic load testing was done using 33 specimens at 100-kg load for 100,000 cycles using an MTS machine (MTS Systems Corp., Minneapolis, MN). Subsequently, static load-to-failure testing was done in all specimens. Subsidence and micromovement were determined for each specimen using linear variable differential transformers. With cyclic testing, overall cup subsidence revealed a significant increase, from 500 to 100,000 cycles. Overall cup micromovement revealed a significant decrease, and all cup groups demonstrated less than 125 microns (.125 mm) of average mean micromotion at the completion of cyclic testing. The best cup configuration was a 1-mm, oversized, press-fit cup using two 6.5 cancellous screws for additional fixation, which revealed an average mean of 60 microns (.06 mm) of micromovement. Static load testing revealed unacceptable micromovement over 150 microns (.150 mm) in most cups with 300-kg loads.