High Incidence of Acute Lung Injury in Children with Down Syndrome

Overview

Journal Intensive Care Med

Specialty Critical Care

Date 2007 Aug 4

PMID 17673975

Citations 12

Authors

M Bruijn

L B van der Aa

R R van Rijn

A P Bos

J B M van Woensel

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Objective: Acute respiratory tract infection is a common reason for hospitalization in children with Down syndrome (CDS) and is characterized by a high morbidity. The severe course of disease in CDS may be related to a higher incidence of acute lung injury (ALI). This study evaluated the incidence of ALI and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in mechanically ventilated CDS.

Design And Setting: Retrospective cohort study in a pediatric ICU.

Patients And Participants: Cases were all mechanically ventilated CDS admitted to our unit between January 1998 and July 2005. All mechanically ventilated patients without Down syndrome from January 1998 to January 2001 served as controls. Postoperative patients (cases and controls) and those with a cardiac left to right shunt were excluded.

Measurements And Results: The main outcome measure was the incidence of ALI and ARDS. The criteria for ALI were met in 14 of 24 CDS (58.3%) in 41 of 317 of controls (12.9%; OR 9.4, 95% CI 3.9-22.6). The criteria for ARDS were met in 11 of 24 CDS (46%) and in 21 of 317 of controls (7%; OR 11.9, 95% CI 4.8-29.8). None of the CDS with ALI died; in the control group ten patients with ALI died.

Conclusions: CDS had a significantly higher incidence of ALI and ARDS than children without Down syndrome. The explanation for this remains to be elucidated; further study is necessary before clinical implications become clear.

Citing Articles

Down syndrome and outcomes in critically ill pediatric patients.

Tantalean Da Fieno J, Leon Paredes R, Palomo Luck P, Del Aguila Villar C, Rizo Patron E Front Pediatr. 2025; 12:1483944.

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SARS-CoV-2 Infection Causes Heightened Disease Severity and Mortality in a Mouse Model of Down Syndrome.

Pechous R, Malaviarachchi P, Xing Z, Douglas A, Crane S, Theriot H Biomedicines. 2024; 12(3).

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Death of children with Down syndrome by gestational age and cause.

Shimokaze T, Toyoshima K, Saito T, Katsumata K, Kemmotsu T, Ishikawa H Pediatr Res. 2023; 95(5):1325-1330.

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Excessive negative regulation of type I interferon disrupts viral control in individuals with Down syndrome.

Malle L, Martin-Fernandez M, Buta S, Richardson A, Bush D, Bogunovic D Immunity. 2022; 55(11):2074-2084.e5.

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The Impact of Altitude at Birth on Perinatal Respiratory Support for Neonates with Trisomy 21.

Bloom J, Furniss A, Suresh K, Fuhlbrigge R, Lamb M, Rosenberg S Am J Perinatol. 2021; 40(14):1515-1520.

PMID: 34674211 PMC: 10766162. DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1736594.

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