The Interferon-induced Expression of APOBEC3G in Human Blood-brain Barrier Exerts a Potent Intrinsic Immunity to Block HIV-1 Entry to Central Nervous System

Overview

Journal Virology

Specialty Microbiology

Date 2007 Jul 17

PMID 17631933

Citations 37

Authors

Elias G Argyris

Edward Acheampong

Fengxiang Wang

Jialing Huang

Keyang Chen

Muhammad Mukhtar

Hui Zhang

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

In the human genome, the APOBEC3 gene has expanded into a tandem array of genes termed APOBEC3A-H. Several members of this family have potent anti-HIV-1 activity. Here we demonstrate that APOBEC-3B/3C/3F and -3G are expressed in all major cellular components of the CNS. Moreover, we show that both interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) and IFN-gamma significantly enhance the expression of APOBEC-3G/3F and drastically inhibit HIV-1 replication in primary human brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVECs), the major component of blood-brain barrier (BBB). As the viral inhibition can be neutralized by APOBEC3G-specific siRNA, APOBEC3G plays a key role to mediate the anti-HIV-1 activity of IFN-alpha and/or IFN-gamma. Our findings suggest that, in addition to the restriction at viral entry level, the restriction from APOBEC3 family could account for the low-level replication of HIV-1 in BMVECs. The manipulation of IFN-APOBEC3 signaling pathway could be a potent therapeutic strategy to prevent HIV invasion to central nervous system (CNS).

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