Differential Regulation of Chemokine Expression by Th1 and Th2 Cytokines and Mechanisms of Eotaxin/CCL-11 Expression in Human Airway Smooth Muscle Cells

Overview

Journal Int Arch Allergy Immunol

Specialty Allergy & Immunology

Date 2007 Aug 9

PMID 17541284

Citations 16

Authors

Miho Odaka

Satoshi Matsukura

Hideki Kuga

Fumio Kokubu

Tsuyoshi Kasama

Masatsugu Kurokawa

Mio Kawaguchi

Koushi Ieki

Shintaro Suzuki

Shin Watanabe

Tetsuya Homma

Hiroko Takeuchi

Kyoko Nohtomi

Robert P Schleimer

Mitsuru Adachi

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells may contribute to the pathogenesis of asthma including airway inflammation and remodeling. We focused our study on the regulation of chemokine expression by cytokines and analyzed the mechanisms of eotaxin/CCL-11 expression in ASM cells.

Methods: Human ASM cells were cultured in vitro and treated with IL-4, interferon-gamma (IFNgamma), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha). Secretion of chemokines into the culture medium was analyzed by ELISA. Expression of eotaxin mRNA was analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Binding of transcription factor signal transducer activator of transcription (STAT) 6 to the eotaxin promoter-derived DNA was analyzed by pull-down Western blot. To assess transcriptional regulation of eotaxin, cells were transfected with eotaxin promoter-luciferase reporter plasmids, and activity was determined by dual luciferase assay.

Results: The Th2 cytokine IL-4 preferentially stimulated the expression of the CC chemokine receptor (CCR) 3-ligand chemokines eotaxin, eotaxin-3, and MCP-4. The Th1 cytokine IFNgamma stimulated the expression of chemokines IP-10 and RANTES. IL-4 stimulated nuclear translocation of signal transducer activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) and its binding to the eotaxin promoter region. IL-4 activated the eotaxin promoter and its activity was inhibited by mutation of the binding site for STAT6 in the promoter.

Conclusions: The Th2 cytokine IL-4 preferentially stimulated the expression of CCR3 ligand chemokines including eotaxin in ASM cells. The transcription factor STAT6 may play a pivotal role in the activation of eotaxin transcription in response to IL-4.

Citing Articles

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