» Articles » PMID: 17504904

Insulin Resistance, Insulin Response, and Obesity As Indicators of Metabolic Risk

Overview
Specialty Endocrinology
Date 2007 May 17
PMID 17504904
Citations 56
Authors
Affiliations
Soon will be listed here.
Abstract

Context: Insulin resistance (IR) and obesity, especially abdominal obesity, are regarded as central pathophysiological features of a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs), but their relative roles remain undefined. Moreover, the differential impact of IR viz. insulin response has not been evaluated.

Objective: The objective of this study was to dissect out the impact of obesity, abdominal obesity, and IR/insulin response on CVRF.

Design: This was a cross-sectional study.

Setting: The study was conducted at 21 research centers in Europe.

Subjects: The study included a cohort of 1308 nondiabetic subjects [718 women and 590 men, age 30-60 yr, body mass index (BMI) 17-44 kg.m(-2)].

Main Outcome Measures: We measured IR (by a standardized euglycemic insulin clamp), waist girth, insulin response to an oral glucose tolerance test, and major CVRF, and analyzed their associations by multivariate models and factor analysis.

Results: BMI was positively related to all CVRFs. Waist circumference was related to higher blood pressure and serum triglycerides and lower high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, IR to reduced glucose tolerance, higher free fatty acids, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and lower high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and insulin response to higher heart rate, blood pressure and fasting glucose, and the same dyslipidemic profile as IR (P < or = 0.05 for all). By factor analysis, three main factors (related to IR, age, and fatness, respectively) appeared to underlie this pattern of associations. Each of BMI, waist girth, IR, and insulin response was independently associated with total CVRF load (all P < 0.001).

Conclusions: When IR, fat mass and distribution, and insulin response are measured simultaneously in a large cohort, no one factor stands out as the sole driving force of the CVRF cluster, each being associated with one or more physiological pathways according to known cause-effect relationships.

Citing Articles

Association Between Triglyceride Glucose Index and Hypertension According to Different Diagnostic Criteria.

Hao H, Geng H, Ma M Int J Gen Med. 2025; 18():43-53.

PMID: 39801923 PMC: 11720999. DOI: 10.2147/IJGM.S499194.


Important Hormones Regulating Lipid Metabolism.

Zhang D, Wei Y, Huang Q, Chen Y, Zeng K, Yang W Molecules. 2022; 27(20).

PMID: 36296646 PMC: 9607181. DOI: 10.3390/molecules27207052.


Exercise-Induced Browning of White Adipose Tissue and Improving Skeletal Muscle Insulin Sensitivity in Obese/Non-obese Growing Mice: Do Not Neglect Exosomal miR-27a.

Wang D, Zhang X, Li Y, Jia L, Zhai L, Wei W Front Nutr. 2022; 9:940673.

PMID: 35782940 PMC: 9248804. DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.940673.


Hypertension in Patients with Insulin Resistance: Etiopathogenesis and Management in Children.

Tagi V, Mainieri F, Chiarelli F Int J Mol Sci. 2022; 23(10).

PMID: 35628624 PMC: 9144705. DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105814.


Cellular Stress Responses in Oocytes: Molecular Changes and Clinical Implications.

Marei W, Leroy J Adv Exp Med Biol. 2021; 1387:171-189.

PMID: 34921349 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2021_690.