» Articles » PMID: 17439967

OPTIMIZER: a Web Server for Optimizing the Codon Usage of DNA Sequences

Overview
Specialty Biochemistry
Date 2007 Apr 19
PMID 17439967
Citations 244
Authors
Affiliations
Soon will be listed here.
Abstract

OPTIMIZER is an on-line application that optimizes the codon usage of a gene to increase its expression level. Three methods of optimization are available: the 'one amino acid-one codon' method, a guided random method based on a Monte Carlo algorithm, and a new method designed to maximize the optimization with the fewest changes in the query sequence. One of the main features of OPTIMIZER is that it makes it possible to optimize a DNA sequence using pre-computed codon usage tables from a predicted group of highly expressed genes from more than 150 prokaryotic species under strong translational selection. These groups of highly expressed genes have been predicted using a new iterative algorithm. In addition, users can use, as a reference set, a pre-computed table containing the mean codon usage of ribosomal protein genes and, as a novelty, the tRNA gene-copy numbers. OPTIMIZER is accessible free of charge at http://genomes.urv.es/OPTIMIZER.

Citing Articles

Metabolic profiling of two white-rot fungi during 4-hydroxybenzoate conversion reveals biotechnologically relevant biosynthetic pathways.

Monteiro L, Del Cerro C, Kijpornyongpan T, Yaguchi A, Bennett A, Donohoe B Commun Biol. 2025; 8(1):224.

PMID: 39939400 PMC: 11822028. DOI: 10.1038/s42003-025-07640-9.


Translation of the downstream ORF from bicistronic mRNAs by human cells: Impact of codon usage and splicing in the upstream ORF.

Paget-Bailly P, Helpiquet A, Decourcelle M, Bories R, Bravo I Protein Sci. 2025; 34(2):e70036.

PMID: 39840808 PMC: 11751868. DOI: 10.1002/pro.70036.


Engineering Yarrowia lipolytica for the production of β-carotene by carbon and redox rebalancing.

Lee H, Song J, Seo S J Biol Eng. 2025; 19(1):6.

PMID: 39815368 PMC: 11734496. DOI: 10.1186/s13036-025-00476-1.


Electrical signaling and coordinated behavior in the closest relative of animals.

Colgren J, Burkhardt P Sci Adv. 2025; 11(2):eadr7434.

PMID: 39772683 PMC: 11708886. DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adr7434.


Novel High-Quality Amoeba Genomes Reveal Widespread Codon Usage Mismatch Between Giant Viruses and Their Hosts.

Willemsen A, Manzano-Marin A, Horn M Genome Biol Evol. 2025; 17(1).

PMID: 39760805 PMC: 11702301. DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evae271.


References
1.
Gao W, Rzewski A, Sun H, Robbins P, Gambotto A . UpGene: Application of a web-based DNA codon optimization algorithm. Biotechnol Prog. 2004; 20(2):443-8. DOI: 10.1021/bp0300467. View

2.
Wu G, Bashir-Bello N, Freeland S . The Synthetic Gene Designer: a flexible web platform to explore sequence manipulation for heterologous expression. Protein Expr Purif. 2005; 47(2):441-5. DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2005.10.020. View

3.
Willenbrock H, Friis C, Juncker A, Ussery D . An environmental signature for 323 microbial genomes based on codon adaptation indices. Genome Biol. 2006; 7(12):R114. PMC: 1794427. DOI: 10.1186/gb-2006-7-12-r114. View

4.
Sharp P, Li W . The codon Adaptation Index--a measure of directional synonymous codon usage bias, and its potential applications. Nucleic Acids Res. 1987; 15(3):1281-95. PMC: 340524. DOI: 10.1093/nar/15.3.1281. View

5.
Nakamura Y, Gojobori T, Ikemura T . Codon usage tabulated from international DNA sequence databases: status for the year 2000. Nucleic Acids Res. 1999; 28(1):292. PMC: 102460. DOI: 10.1093/nar/28.1.292. View