Effect of a Daily Supplement of Soy Protein on Body Composition and Insulin Secretion in Postmenopausal Women

Overview

Journal Fertil Steril

Specialty Reproductive Medicine

Date 2007 Apr 7

PMID 17412329

Citations 22

Authors

Cynthia K Sites

Brian C Cooper

Michael J Toth

Amalia Gastaldelli

Ali Arabshahi

Stephen Barnes

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Objective: To determine whether a supplement of soy protein improves body composition, body fat distribution, and glucose and insulin metabolism in postmenopausal women without diabetes compared with an isocaloric casein placebo.

Design: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled 3-month trial.

Setting: Clinical Research Center.

Patient(s): Fifteen postmenopausal women.

Intervention(s): Computed tomographic scans at L4/L5, dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, hyperglycemic clamps.

Main Outcome Measure(s): Total fat, total abdominal fat, visceral fat, subcutaneous abdominal fat, and insulin secretion.

Result(s): Weight by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry did not change between groups (+1.38 +/- 2.02 kg for placebo vs. +0.756 +/- 1.32 kg for soy, mean +/- SD). Total and subcutaneous abdominal fat increased more in the placebo group than in the soy group (for differences between groups in total abdominal fat: +38.62 +/- 22.84 cm(2) for placebo vs. -11.86 +/- 31.48 cm(2) for soy; subcutaneous abdominal fat: +22.91 +/- 28.58 cm(2) for placebo vs. -14.73 +/- 22.26 cm(2) for soy). Insulin secretion, visceral fat, total body fat, and lean mass did not differ between groups. Isoflavone levels increased more in the soy group.

Conclusion(s): A daily supplement of soy protein prevents the increase in subcutaneous and total abdominal fat observed with an isocaloric casein placebo in postmenopausal women.

Citing Articles

Hypoglycemic Ability of Sericin-Derived Oligopeptides (SDOs) from Yellow Silk Cocoons and Their Physiological Effects on Streptozotocin (STZ)-Induced Diabetic Rats.

Tocharus C, Sutheerawattananonda M Foods. 2024; 13(14).

PMID: 39063270 PMC: 11276246. DOI: 10.3390/foods13142184.

Effect of non-pharmacological interventions on the prevention of sarcopenia in menopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Tan T, Tan H, Hsu M, Huang H, Chung Y BMC Womens Health. 2023; 23(1):606.

PMID: 37964288 PMC: 10647115. DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02749-7.

Vegan Diet in Dermatology: A Review.

Lee H, Sim N, Fotouhi A, Daveluy S J Clin Med. 2023; 12(18).

PMID: 37762741 PMC: 10531971. DOI: 10.3390/jcm12185800.

Mechanism of Soy Isoflavone Daidzein-Induced Female-Specific Anorectic Effect.

Fujitani M, Mizushige T, Adhikari S, Bhattarai K, Kishida T Metabolites. 2022; 12(3).

PMID: 35323695 PMC: 8955737. DOI: 10.3390/metabo12030252.

Feeding brown fat: dietary phytochemicals targeting non-shivering thermogenesis to control body weight.

Horvath C, Wolfrum C Proc Nutr Soc. 2020; 79(3):338-356.

PMID: 32290888 PMC: 7663322. DOI: 10.1017/S0029665120006928.

References

Liu D, Zhen W, Yang Z, Carter J, Si H, Reynolds K . Genistein acutely stimulates insulin secretion in pancreatic beta-cells through a cAMP-dependent protein kinase pathway. Diabetes. 2006; 55(4):1043-50. DOI: 10.2337/diabetes.55.04.06.db05-1089. View

Toth M, Tchernof A, Sites C, Poehlman E . Effect of menopausal status on body composition and abdominal fat distribution. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2000; 24(2):226-31. DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0801118. View

Kok L, Kreijkamp-Kaspers S, Grobbee D, Lampe J, van der Schouw Y . Soy isoflavones, body composition, and physical performance. Maturitas. 2005; 52(2):102-10. DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2005.01.003. View

Sites C, LHommedieu G, Toth M, Brochu M, Cooper B, Fairhurst P . The effect of hormone replacement therapy on body composition, body fat distribution, and insulin sensitivity in menopausal women: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005; 90(5):2701-7. DOI: 10.1210/jc.2004-1479. View

Duncan A, Underhill K, Xu X, LaValleur J, Phipps W, Kurzer M . Modest hormonal effects of soy isoflavones in postmenopausal women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1999; 84(10):3479-84. DOI: 10.1210/jcem.84.10.6067. View

Nadal A, Rovira J, Laribi O, Leon-Quinto T, Andreu E, Ripoll C . Rapid insulinotropic effect of 17beta-estradiol via a plasma membrane receptor. FASEB J. 1998; 12(13):1341-8. DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.12.13.1341. View

Kuiper G, Lemmen J, Carlsson B, Corton J, Safe S, van der Saag P . Interaction of estrogenic chemicals and phytoestrogens with estrogen receptor beta. Endocrinology. 1998; 139(10):4252-63. DOI: 10.1210/endo.139.10.6216. View

Iritani N, Sugimoto T, Fukuda H, Komiya M, Ikeda H . Dietary soybean protein increases insulin receptor gene expression in Wistar fatty rats when dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid level is low. J Nutr. 1997; 127(6):1077-83. DOI: 10.1093/jn/127.6.1077. View

Wagner J, Cefalu W, Anthony M, Litwak K, Zhang L, Clarkson T . Dietary soy protein and estrogen replacement therapy improve cardiovascular risk factors and decrease aortic cholesteryl ester content in ovariectomized cynomolgus monkeys. Metabolism. 1997; 46(6):698-705. DOI: 10.1016/s0026-0495(97)90016-0. View

10.

Coward L, Kirk M, Albin N, Barnes S . Analysis of plasma isoflavones by reversed-phase HPLC-multiple reaction ion monitoring-mass spectrometry. Clin Chim Acta. 1996; 247(1-2):121-42. DOI: 10.1016/0009-8981(95)06242-4. View

11.

Pedersen S, Hansen P, Lund S, Andersen P, Odgaard A, Richelsen B . Identification of oestrogen receptors and oestrogen receptor mRNA in human adipose tissue. Eur J Clin Invest. 1996; 26(4):262-9. DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2362.1996.145278.x. View

12.

Svendsen O, Hassager C, Christiansen C . Age- and menopause-associated variations in body composition and fat distribution in healthy women as measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Metabolism. 1995; 44(3):369-73. DOI: 10.1016/0026-0495(95)90168-x. View

13.

Walton C, Godsland I, Proudler A, WYNN V, Stevenson J . The effects of the menopause on insulin sensitivity, secretion and elimination in non-obese, healthy women. Eur J Clin Invest. 1993; 23(8):466-73. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2362.1993.tb00792.x. View

14.

Ley C, Lees B, Stevenson J . Sex- and menopause-associated changes in body-fat distribution. Am J Clin Nutr. 1992; 55(5):950-4. DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/55.5.950. View

15.

Van Cauter E, Mestrez F, Sturis J, Polonsky K . Estimation of insulin secretion rates from C-peptide levels. Comparison of individual and standard kinetic parameters for C-peptide clearance. Diabetes. 1992; 41(3):368-77. DOI: 10.2337/diab.41.3.368. View

16.

DeFronzo R, Tobin J, Andres R . Glucose clamp technique: a method for quantifying insulin secretion and resistance. Am J Physiol. 1979; 237(3):E214-23. DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.1979.237.3.E214. View

17.

Heim M, Frank O, Kampmann G, Sochocky N, Pennimpede T, Fuchs P . The phytoestrogen genistein enhances osteogenesis and represses adipogenic differentiation of human primary bone marrow stromal cells. Endocrinology. 2003; 145(2):848-59. DOI: 10.1210/en.2003-1014. View

18.

Kashyap S, Belfort R, Gastaldelli A, Pratipanawatr T, Berria R, Pratipanawatr W . A sustained increase in plasma free fatty acids impairs insulin secretion in nondiabetic subjects genetically predisposed to develop type 2 diabetes. Diabetes. 2003; 52(10):2461-74. DOI: 10.2337/diabetes.52.10.2461. View

19.

Naaz A, Yellayi S, Zakroczymski M, Bunick D, Doerge D, Lubahn D . The soy isoflavone genistein decreases adipose deposition in mice. Endocrinology. 2003; 144(8):3315-20. DOI: 10.1210/en.2003-0076. View

20.

Moeller L, Peterson C, Hanson K, Dent S, Lewis D, King D . Isoflavone-rich soy protein prevents loss of hip lean mass but does not prevent the shift in regional fat distribution in perimenopausal women. Menopause. 2003; 10(4):322-31. DOI: 10.1097/01.GME.0000054763.94658.FD. View