Pro-protein Convertases in Intermediary Metabolism: Islet Hormones, Brain/gut Hormones and Integrated Physiology

Overview

Journal J Mol Med (Berl)

Specialty General Medicine

Date 2007 Mar 16

PMID 17356847

Citations 12

Authors

Dominique Bataille

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Many peptide hormones implicated in the regulation of intermediary metabolism arise from larger precursors called prohormones. These precursors are cut into pieces by proprotein convertases, more precisely those called prohormone convertases (PCs) that cleave at the C terminus of basic doublets. The remaining basic amino acids are eliminated by a specialized carboxypeptidase, leading to the active hormone. This processing may provide, from a single precursor, several peptides with different biological activities depending on the site(s) of cleavage on the precursor. When the processing is tissue-specific, this mechanism allows to produce, from a single protein, different sets of hormones depending on the tissue considered, leading to novel regulatory processes. The archetype of such a pluripotent prohormone in the field of intermediary metabolism is pro-glucagon that, when cut by PC1 in intestinal L cells, produces four different peptides with different specificities [glicentin, oxyntomodulin (OXM), glucagon-like peptide-1, and glucagon-like peptide-2], whereas, when cut by PC2 in the alpha cells of the endocrine pancreas, glucagon is produced and, through the supplementary action of NRD convertase, a fragment of glucagon (miniglucagon) with original properties.

Citing Articles

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Variation in the Evolution and Sequences of Proglucagon and the Receptors for Proglucagon-Derived Peptides in Mammals.

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Modified Western blotting for insulin and other diabetes-associated peptide hormones.

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Insights on glicentin, a promising peptide of the proglucagon family.

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