Selected Human Immunodeficiency Virus Replicates Preferentially Through the Basolateral Surface of Differentiated Human Colon Epithelial Cells

We have used HIV1-NDK-infected HT29 cells grown on permeable substratum to study the polarity of virus maturation in human intestinal cells. When cultured in glucose-containing medium, these cells are mostly undifferentiated. The removal of glucose from the medium allowed the emergence of a selected differentiated subpopulation which continued to produce viral particles in the culture supernatant. The polarity of viral production was evaluated by harvesting virus from the two sides of the monolayer. Seventy-five percent of released HIV was found on the basolateral side of the monolayer. Mature viral particles were observed by electron microscopy near the apical (luminal) and the basolateral (serosal) membrane. These data suggest that epithelial cells of the colon productively infected by a selected strain of HIV are able to produce the virus through both sides of the epithelium but mainly through the serosal side.