Comparison of the Immune Response Against Polio Peptides Covalently-surface-linked to and Internally-entrapped in Liposomes

The adjuvanticity of liposomes on two different modes of presentation of polio virus subunit peptides was demonstrated by incorporating the poorly immunogenic synthetic polio peptides, W1 and W2, into the internal space of and covalently-linked to the surface of dehydration-rehydration vesicles (DRV). It was found that for both peptides, liposome association in either mode boosted the primary and secondary IgG1 responses against 5 micrograms peptide as compared to controls in which free peptide was administered. Surface-linkage of peptides (both W1 and W2) exhibited an initially more rapid rise in antibody levels, as compared to internal entrapment of the peptides, but elicited no observable secondary response. However, although encapsulated W1 showed a milder primary response when compared to the surface-linked formulation, it later elicited a strong secondary response. These results suggested that it may be advantageous to administer liposomal virus subunit vaccines in both surface-linked and internally entrapped formulations to achieve adequate initial antibody levels followed by an anamnestic response.