Zinc and Antioxidant Vitamin Deficiency in Patients with Severe Sickle Cell Anemia

Overview

Journal Ann Saudi Med

Specialty General Medicine

Date 2006 Mar 9

PMID 16521870

Citations 18

Authors

Rana M W Hasanato

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Patients with severe sickle cell anemia (SCA) have a higher potential for oxidative damage due to chronic redox imbalance in red blood cells that often leads to hemolysis, endothelial injury and recurrent vaso-occlusive episodes. This study evaluated the plasma levels of vitamins A, C and E as indicators of antioxidant status. In addition, serum levels of zinc and copper were also estimated.

Patients And Methods: Twenty-five adult patients with severe sickle cell anemia (12 males and 13 females aged 29.72+/-12.94 years) and 25 matched controls were studied. Plasma levels of vitamins A, C and E were measured by HPLC technique. Serum zinc and copper levels were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry.

Results: There was a significant decrease in plasma levels of vitamins A, C and E and in serum levels of zinc in patients with SCA as compared with controls (P<0.0001). Serum copper levels were signficantly elevated compared with controls (P<0.0001).

Conclusion: These findings emphasize the significant deficiencies of the antioxidant vitamins A, C and E and the trace element zinc along with the significant elevation of serum copper in patients with severe sickle cell disease. Further studies are needed to find out whether supplementation of antioxidant vitamins and zinc may ameliorate some sickle cell disease complications.

Citing Articles

Zinc level and effect of zinc supplementation on growth in a subset of Sudanese children with sickle cell disease.

Suliman O, Elamin H Sudan J Paediatr. 2024; 23(2):214-223.

PMID: 38380417 PMC: 10876280. DOI: 10.24911/SJP.106-1638821311.

Red Blood Cell Vitamin C Concentration and Its Effect on Deformability in Pediatric Sickle Cell Disease.

Choi D, Violet P, Majumdar S, Levine M J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2023; 45(7):e936-e939.

PMID: 36897309 PMC: 10423298. DOI: 10.1097/MPH.0000000000002631.

Vitamin C deficiency reveals developmental differences between neonatal and adult hematopoiesis.

Phadke I, Pouzolles M, Machado A, Moraly J, Gonzalez-Menendez P, Zimmermann V Front Immunol. 2022; 13:898827.

PMID: 36248829 PMC: 9562198. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.898827.

In Vitro Lymphocyte Functions in Undernourished Children With Sickle Cell Anemia.

Kuvibidila S, Gardner R, Velez M, Yu L, Warrier R Ochsner J. 2020; 20(2):151-160.

PMID: 32612469 PMC: 7310185. DOI: 10.31486/toj.19.0024.

Serum levels of copper, zinc and disease severity scores in sickle cell disease patients in Benin City, Nigeria.

Emokpae M, Fatimehin E, Obazelu P Afr Health Sci. 2020; 19(3):2798-2805.

PMID: 32127853 PMC: 7040289. DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v19i3.56.

References

Comstock G, Alberg A, Helzlsouer K . Reported effects of long-term freezer storage on concentrations of retinol, beta-carotene, and alpha-tocopherol in serum or plasma summarized. Clin Chem. 1993; 39(6):1075-8. View

Kilinc Y, Kumi M, Yilmaz B, Tanyeli A . A comparative study of zinc and copper values in serum, erythrocytes and urine in sickle cell homozygotes and heterozygotes. Acta Paediatr Scand. 1991; 80(8-9):873-4. DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1991.tb11964.x. View

Chan A, Chow C, Chiu D . Interaction of antioxidants and their implication in genetic anemia. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1999; 222(3):274-82. DOI: 10.1177/153537029922200310. View

Prasad A, Cossack Z . Zinc supplementation and growth in sickle cell disease. Ann Intern Med. 1984; 100(3):367-71. DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-100-3-367. View

Lachant N, Tanaka K . Antioxidants in sickle cell disease: the in vitro effects of ascorbic acid. Am J Med Sci. 1986; 292(1):3-10. DOI: 10.1097/00000441-198607000-00001. View

WESTERMAN M, Zhang Y, McConnell J, Chezick P, Neelam R, Freels S . Ascorbate levels in red blood cells and urine in patients with sickle cell anemia. Am J Hematol. 2000; 65(2):174-5. DOI: 10.1002/1096-8652(200010)65:2<174::aid-ajh15>3.0.co;2-t. View

Stone W, Payne P, ADEBONOJO F . Plasma-vitamin E and low plasma lipoprotein levels in sickle cell anemia patients. J Assoc Acad Minor Phys. 1990; 1(2):12-6. View

Gray N, Bartlett J, Kolasa K, Marcuard S, Holbrook C, Horner R . Nutritional status and dietary intake of children with sickle cell anemia. Am J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 1992; 14(1):57-61. DOI: 10.1097/00043426-199221000-00008. View

Prasad A, Schoomaker E, Ortega J, Brewer G, Oberleas D, Oelshlegel Jr F . Zinc deficiency in sickle cell disease. Clin Chem. 1975; 21(4):582-7. View

10.

Prasad A, BECK F, Kaplan J, Chandrasekar P, Ortega J, Fitzgerald J . Effect of zinc supplementation on incidence of infections and hospital admissions in sickle cell disease (SCD). Am J Hematol. 1999; 61(3):194-202. DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-8652(199907)61:3<194::aid-ajh6>3.0.co;2-c. View

11.

Gupta V, Chaubey B . Efficacy of zinc therapy in prevention of crisis in sickle cell anemia: a double blind, randomized controlled clinical trial. J Assoc Physicians India. 1995; 43(7):467-9. View

12.

Muskiet F, Muskiet F, Meiborg G, Schermer J . Supplementation of patients with homozygous sickle cell disease with zinc, alpha-tocopherol, vitamin C, soybean oil, and fish oil. Am J Clin Nutr. 1991; 54(4):736-44. DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/54.4.736. View

13.

Rumelin A, Fauth U, HALMAGYI M . Determination of ascorbic acid in plasma and urine by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. Clin Chem Lab Med. 1999; 37(5):533-6. DOI: 10.1515/CCLM.1999.086. View

14.

Phillips G, Tangney C . Relationship of plasma alpha tocopherol to index of clinical severity in individuals with sickle cell anemia. Am J Hematol. 1992; 41(4):227-31. DOI: 10.1002/ajh.2830410402. View

15.

Natta C, Tatum V, Chow C . Antioxidant status and free radical-induced oxidative damage of sickle erythrocytes. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1992; 669:365-7. DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1992.tb17125.x. View

16.

Adelekan D, Thurnham D, Adekile A . Reduced antioxidant capacity in paediatric patients with homozygous sickle cell disease. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1989; 43(9):609-14. View

17.

BUNN H . Pathogenesis and treatment of sickle cell disease. N Engl J Med. 1997; 337(11):762-9. DOI: 10.1056/NEJM199709113371107. View

18.

Linder M . Copper biochemistry and molecular biology. Am J Clin Nutr. 1996; 63(5):797S-811S. DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/63.5.797. View

19.

Rank B, Carlsson J, Hebbel R . Abnormal redox status of membrane-protein thiols in sickle erythrocytes. J Clin Invest. 1985; 75(5):1531-7. PMC: 425492. DOI: 10.1172/JCI111857. View

20.

Prasad A . Zinc deficiency in patients with sickle cell disease. Am J Clin Nutr. 2002; 75(2):181-2. DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/75.2.181. View