The Impact of Cigarette Smoking on Mortality, Quality of Life, and Comorbid Illness Among HIV-positive Veterans

Overview

Journal J Gen Intern Med

Publisher Springer

Specialty General Medicine

Date 2006 Jan 21

PMID 16423106

Citations 128

Authors

Kristina Crothers

Tephany A Griffith

Kathleen A McGinnis

Maria C Rodriguez-Barradas

David A Leaf

Sharon Weissman

Cynthia L Gibert

Adeel A Butt

Amy C Justice

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: The impact of smoking on outcomes among those with HIV infection has not been determined in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).

Study Objective: Determine the impact of smoking on morbidity and mortality in HIV-positive patients post-HAART.

Design: Prospective observational study.

Participants: Eight hundred and sixty-seven HIV-positive veterans enrolled in the Veterans Aging Cohort 3 Site Study.

Measurements: Clinical data were collected through patient questionnaire, International Classification of Diseases--9th edition codes, and standardized chart extraction, and laboratory and mortality data through the national VA database. Quality of life was assessed with the physical component summary (PCS) of the Short-Form 12.

Results: Current smokers had increased respiratory symptoms, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and bacterial pneumonia. In analyses adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, CD4 cell count, HIV RNA level, hemoglobin, illegal drug and alcohol use, quality of life was substantially decreased (beta=-3.3, 95% confidence interval [CI] -5.3 to -1.4) and mortality was significantly increased (hazard ratio 1.99, 95% CI 1.03 to 3.86) in current smokers compared with never smokers.

Conclusions: HIV-positive patients who currently smoke have increased mortality and decreased quality of life, as well as increased respiratory symptoms, COPD, and bacterial pneumonia. These findings suggest that smoking cessation should be emphasized for HIV-infected patients.

Citing Articles

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A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Nicotine Metabolite Ratio and Its Association with Sociodemographic and Smoking Characteristics among People with HIV Who Smoke in South Africa.

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Patino-Hernandez D, Perez-Bautista O, Perez-Zepeda M, Cano-Gutierrez C Age Ageing. 2022; 51(12).

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HIV patients' perceptions of a potential multi-component mindfulness-based smoking cessation smartphone application intervention.

Asfar T, Alcaide M, Jones D, McClure L, Brewer J, Lee D PLoS One. 2022; 17(8):e0271946.

PMID: 36006893 PMC: 9409537. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271946.

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