TOR Complex 2 Integrates Cell Movement During Chemotaxis and Signal Relay in Dictyostelium

Overview

Journal Mol Biol Cell

Specialties Cell Biology
Molecular Biology

Date 2005 Aug 5

PMID 16079174

Citations 110

Authors

Susan Lee

Frank I Comer

Atsuo Sasaki

Ian X McLeod

Yung Duong

Koichi Okumura

John R Yates 3rd

Carole A Parent

Richard A Firtel

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Dictyostelium cells form a multicellular organism through the aggregation of independent cells. This process requires both chemotaxis and signal relay in which the chemoattractant cAMP activates adenylyl cyclase through the G protein-coupled cAMP receptor cAR1. cAMP is produced and secreted and it activates receptors on neighboring cells, thereby relaying the chemoattractant signal to distant cells. Using coimmunoprecipitation and mass spectrometric analyses, we have identified a TOR-containing complex in Dictyostelium that is related to the TORC2 complex of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and regulates both chemotaxis and signal relay. We demonstrate that mutations in Dictyostelium LST8, RIP3, and Pia, orthologues of the yeast TORC2 components LST8, AVO1, and AVO3, exhibit a common set of phenotypes including reduced cell polarity, chemotaxis speed and directionality, phosphorylation of Akt/PKB and the related PKBR1, and activation of adenylyl cyclase. Further, we provide evidence for a role of Ras in the regulation of TORC2. We propose that, through the regulation of chemotaxis and signal relay, TORC2 plays an essential role in controlling aggregation by coordinating the two essential arms of the developmental pathway that leads to multicellularity in Dictyostelium.

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