Influence of Genetic Background on Daily Running-wheel Activity Differs with Aging

In humans, physical activity declines with age. We tested the hypothesis that genetic background and age interact to determine daily wheel-running physical activity patterns in mice. Five female mice from ten inbred strains (A/J, AKR/J, Balb/cJ, CBA/J, C3H/HeJ, C3Heb/FeJ, C57Bl/6J, C57L/J, DBA/2J, and SWR/J) were studied for 26 wk starting at 10 wk of age. All mice were housed in separate cages, each with a running wheel and magnetic sensor. Throughout the 26-wk period, age-related change in daily duration (P < 0.0001), daily distance (P < 0.0001), and average velocity (P = 0.0003) differed between the inbred strains. Unlike the other strains, SWR/J mice increased their running-wheel activity throughout the 6-mo time period. Broad-sense heritability estimations for the strains across the 26-wk period ranged between 0.410 and 0.855 for the three physical activity phenotypes. Furthermore, the broad-sense heritability estimates for daily running-wheel distance differed across time and suggested an interaction between genetic background and age on physical activity in these inbred mice.