Effect of Starvation or Streptozotocin-diabetes on Phosphate-activated Glutaminase of Different Rat Brain Regions

Overview

Journal Neurochem Res

Specialties Chemistry
Neurology

Date 1992 Feb 1

PMID 1538831

Citations 2

Authors

V Lellos

M Moraitou

V Tselentis

H Philippidis

G Palaiologos

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Phosphate-activated glutaminase (PAG) was assayed in homogenates of brain cerebellum, hippocampus or striatum from normal, starved for 48 h to 120 h or streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Only the hippocampal enzyme was increased (47%) by diabetes. Starvation had no effect in any of the regions studied. PAG of synaptosomes or of non-synaptosomal mitochondria from the hippocampus was also increased by 48% and 22% respectively in diabetes. PAG of synaptosomes from the cortex, the cerebellum, or the striatum or of the non-synaptosomal mitochondria from the cortex were not affected by diabetes or prolonged (120 h) starvation. A suggestion is presented that peripheral insulin, indirectly, may regulate PAG activity in a specific region of the rat brain.

Citing Articles

Bisphenol-A Neurotoxic Effects on Basal Forebrain Cholinergic Neurons In Vitro and In Vivo.

Flores A, Moyano P, Sola E, Garcia J, Garcia J, Frejo M Biology (Basel). 2023; 12(6).

PMID: 37372067 PMC: 10294797. DOI: 10.3390/biology12060782.

Early and Late Pathomechanisms in Alzheimer's Disease: From Zinc to Amyloid-β Neurotoxicity.

Szutowicz A, Bielarczyk H, Zysk M, Dys A, Ronowska A, Gul-Hinc S Neurochem Res. 2017; 42(3):891-904.

PMID: 28039593 PMC: 5357490. DOI: 10.1007/s11064-016-2154-z.

References

Bradford H, WARD H, Thomas A . Glutamine--a major substrate for nerve endings. J Neurochem. 1978; 30(6):1453-9. DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1978.tb10477.x. View

Rhoads D, DiROCCO R, Osburn L, Peterson N, Raghupathy E . Stimulation of synaptosomal uptake of neurotransmitter amino acids by insulin: possible role of insulin as a neuromodulator. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1984; 119(3):1198-204. DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(84)90903-3. View

Miller A, Chaptal C, McEwen B, Peck Jr E . Modulation of high affinity GABA uptake into hippocampal synaptosomes by glucocorticoids. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 1978; 3(2):155-64. DOI: 10.1016/0306-4530(78)90003-3. View

Nimmo G, Tipton K . The distribution of soluble and membrane-bound forms of glutaminase in pig brain. J Neurochem. 1979; 33(5):1083-4. DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1979.tb05245.x. View

Krueger B, Forn J, Greengard P . Depolarization-induced phosphorylation of specific proteins, mediated by calcium ion influx, in rat brain synaptosomes. J Biol Chem. 1977; 252(8):2764-73. View

Nagy A, Delgado-Escueta A . Rapid preparation of synaptosomes from mammalian brain using nontoxic isoosmotic gradient material (Percoll). J Neurochem. 1984; 43(4):1114-23. DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1984.tb12851.x. View

Blackshear P, Alberti KGMM . Sequential amino acid measurements during experimental diabetic ketoacidosis. Am J Physiol. 1975; 228(1):205-11. DOI: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1975.228.1.205. View

Sandberg M, WARD H, Bradford H . Effect of cortico-striate pathway lesion on the activities of enzymes involved in synthesis and metabolism of amino acid neurotransmitters in the striatum. J Neurochem. 1985; 44(1):42-7. DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1985.tb07110.x. View

Johnson M . The intracellular distribution of glycolytic and other enzymes in rat-brain homogenates and mitochondrial preparations. Biochem J. 1960; 77:610-8. PMC: 1205083. DOI: 10.1042/bj0770610. View

10.

Ardawi M . The maximal activity of phosphate-dependent glutaminase and glutamine metabolism in the colon and the small intestine of streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Diabetologia. 1987; 30(2):109-14. DOI: 10.1007/BF00274581. View

11.

Bradford H . Respiration in vitro of synaptosomes from mammalian cerebral cortex. J Neurochem. 1969; 16(5):675-84. DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1969.tb06444.x. View

12.

Ruderman N, Ross P, Berger M, Goodman M . Regulation of glucose and ketone-body metabolism in brain of anaesthetized rats. Biochem J. 1974; 138(1):1-10. PMC: 1166169. DOI: 10.1042/bj1380001. View

13.

Palaiologos G, Koivisto V, FELIG P . Interaction of leucine, glucose, and ketone metabolism in rat brain in vitro. J Neurochem. 1979; 32(1):67-72. DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1979.tb04510.x. View

14.

Watford M, Smith E, Erbelding E . The regulation of phosphate-activated glutaminase activity and glutamine metabolism in the streptozotocin-diabetic rat. Biochem J. 1984; 224(1):207-14. PMC: 1144415. DOI: 10.1042/bj2240207. View

15.

BUSE M, Herlong H, Weigand D . The effect of diabetes, insulin, and the redox potential on leucine metabolism by isolated rat hemidiaphragm. Endocrinology. 1976; 98(5):1166-75. DOI: 10.1210/endo-98-5-1166. View

16.

Rolleston F, Newsholme E . Control of glycolysis in cerebral cortex slices. Biochem J. 1967; 104(2):524-33. PMC: 1270615. DOI: 10.1042/bj1040524. View

17.

Lellos V, Tselentis V, Galanopoulos E, Philippidis H, Palaiologos G . Leucine: effector of phosphate activated glutaminase in rat cerebral cortex. Neurochem Res. 1991; 16(1):67-71. DOI: 10.1007/BF00965830. View

18.

Hamberger A, Chiang G, Nylen E, Scheff S, Cotman C . Glutamate as a CNS transmitter. I. Evaluation of glucose and glutamine as precursors for the synthesis of preferentially released glutamate. Brain Res. 1979; 168(3):513-30. DOI: 10.1016/0006-8993(79)90306-8. View

19.

Galanopoulos E, Lellos V, Papadakis M, Philippidis H, Palaiologos G . Effects of fasting and diabetes on some enzymes and transport of glutamate in cortex slices or synaptosomes from rat brain. Neurochem Res. 1988; 13(3):243-8. DOI: 10.1007/BF00971540. View

20.

Fagg G, FOSTER A . Amino acid neurotransmitters and their pathways in the mammalian central nervous system. Neuroscience. 1983; 9(4):701-19. DOI: 10.1016/0306-4522(83)90263-4. View