Anatomic Characteristics and Clinical Importance of the Superficial Branch of the Radial Nerve

The aim of this study was to demonstrate anatomic variations of the superficial branch of the radial nerve (SBRN) and to discuss the importance of this branch for surgical approaches. Upper extremities of 24 cadavers without any known history of disease or trauma were examined, the SBRN became subcutaneous at a mean of 9.20 cm and bifurcated at a mean of 4.90 cm proximal to the styloid process of the radius in 48 specimens. At the level of the extensor retinaculum, the mean distance of the closest branch to the first dorsal compartment was 0.54 cm, while its mean distance to the dorsal tubercle (Lister's tubercle) was 1.58 cm. The relations of the three branches of the SBRN (SR1, SR2, SR3) to the anatomic snuffbox and lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve (LABCN) were also examined. It was demonstrated that on eight wrists, SR2 went through the snuffbox (16.67%). On ten specimens, SR3 had connections with LABCN (20.83%). In four specimens, the SBRN did not have any bifurcation and was directly divided into SR1, SR2, and SR3. It should be very helpful to know the anatomic characteristics of the SBRN, especially for hand surgeons, to minimize the risk of injury of the SBRN during surgical approaches.