[Neural Control of the Respiratory Nasal Mucosa]

Overview

Journal HNO

Specialty Otorhinolaryngology

Date 2004 Jun 8

PMID 15179976

Citations 3

Authors

S Knipping

A Riederer

A Berghaus

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Respiratory nasal mucosa fulfils the function of pretreating the inspired air. The periodic nasal cycle and pathologic functional disturbances of the endonasal tissue influence the nasal passages. The secretion of the seromucous glands and extravasation from the blood vessels are essential for mucocilliary transport. These physiological mechanisms are partially controlled by neural regulation. Besides classic neurotransmitter neuropeptides such as VIP, CGRP, SP and NPY, nitric oxide also shares this role. A network of sensory, sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve fibres protects the respiratory mucous membranes from external and internal irritation. In addition, blood vessels and glands are influenced by endothelial and humoral factors. For the different types of rhinitis, sensory neuropeptides and inflammatory mediators take part in the pathomechanisms and can lead to a so called neurogenic inflammation of the nasal mucosa.

Citing Articles

[Immunocytochemical detection of caspase 3 in various diseases of human nasal mucosa].

Hirt R, Paulsen F, Neumann K, Knipping S HNO. 2009; 57(5):466-72.

PMID: 19387597 DOI: 10.1007/s00106-009-1905-4.

[Ultrastructural changes in allergic rhinitis vs. idiopathic rhinitis].

Knipping S, Holzhausen H, Riederer A, Schrom T HNO. 2008; 56(8):799-807.

PMID: 18651116 DOI: 10.1007/s00106-008-1764-4.

[Ultrastructural changes in human nasal mucosa in rhinitis medicamentosa].

Knipping S, Holzhausen H, Riederer A, Bloching M HNO. 2006; 54(10):742-8.

PMID: 16477462 DOI: 10.1007/s00106-005-1370-7.

References

Widdicombe J . The physiology of the nose. Clin Chest Med. 1986; 7(2):159-70. View

Alving K . Airways vasodilatation in the immediate allergic reaction. Involvement of inflammatory mediators and sensory nerves. Acta Physiol Scand Suppl. 1991; 597:1-64. View

Riederer A, Fischer A, Knipping S, Unger J, Lange W, Kastenbauer E . Basic innervation pattern and distribution of classic autonomic neurotransmitters in human nasal mucosal vasculature. Laryngoscope. 1996; 106(3 Pt 1):286-91. DOI: 10.1097/00005537-199603000-00008. View

Hess A, Bloch W, Rocker J, Peters S, Stennert E, Addicks K . [Detection of nitric oxide synthases in physiological and pathophysiological processes of the nasal mucosa]. HNO. 2000; 48(7):489-95. DOI: 10.1007/s001060050604. View

DAHLSTROEM A, Fuxe K . THE ADRENERGIC INNERVATION OF THE NASAL MUCOSA OF CERTAIN MAMMALS. Acta Otolaryngol. 1965; 59:65-72. DOI: 10.3109/00016486509128547. View

Moller S, Uddman R, Cardell L, Fernstrom G, Edvinsson L . Expression of endothelin A- and B-receptors in human nasal mucosa. Acta Otolaryngol. 1999; 119(6):708-11. DOI: 10.1080/00016489950180676. View

Barnes P . Neuropeptides in human airways: function and clinical implications. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1987; 136(6 Pt 2):S77-83. DOI: 10.1164/ajrccm/136.6_Pt_2.S77. View

Riechelmann H, Hafner B, Maurer J, Mann W . [Diagnostic procedure in primary ciliary dyskinesia]. Laryngorhinootologie. 1999; 78(4):194-9. DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-996856. View

Ohkubo K, Okuda M, Kaliner M . Immunological localization of neuropeptide-degrading enzymes in the nasal mucosa. Rhinology. 1994; 32(3):130-3. View

10.

Raphael G, Baraniuk J, Kaliner M . How and why the nose runs. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1991; 87(2):457-67. DOI: 10.1016/0091-6749(91)90001-5. View

11.

Sano H . [Influence of environmental temperature (cold exposure) on nasal resistance]. Nihon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho. 1992; 95(11):1785-99. DOI: 10.3950/jibiinkoka.95.1785. View

12.

Hilgers F, Ackerstaff A . Comprehensive rehabilitation after total laryngectomy is more than voice alone. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 1999; 52(1-3):65-73. DOI: 10.1159/000021514. View

13.

Grevers G, Herrmann U . [Cavernous tissue of the nasal mucosa]. Laryngol Rhinol Otol (Stuttg). 1987; 66(3):152-6. View

14.

Keck T . [Examinations on nasal airconditioning]. Laryngorhinootologie. 2003; 82(4):289-90. DOI: 10.1055/s-2003-38939. View

15.

ODorisio M, Wood C, ODorisio T . Vasoactive intestinal peptide and neuropeptide modulation of the immune response. J Immunol. 1985; 135(2 Suppl):792s-796s. View

16.

Tasman A . [The inferior turbinate: dysregulation and surgical reduction]. Laryngorhinootologie. 2002; 81(11):822-33; quiz 834-8. DOI: 10.1055/s-2002-35772. View

17.

Knipping S, Holzhausen H, Riederer A, Agha-Mir-Salim P, Berghaus A . [Ultrastructural localization of nitric oxide synthase (NOS I and III) in human nasal mucosa]. Laryngorhinootologie. 2003; 82(3):171-6. DOI: 10.1055/s-2003-38403. View

18.

Knipping S, Holzhausen H, Agha-Mir-Salim P, Passmann M, Riederer A, Berghaus A . [Morphological changes of nasal and duodenal mucosa in patients with cystic fibrosis]. Laryngorhinootologie. 2002; 81(2):93-7. DOI: 10.1055/s-2002-23109. View

19.

Deitmer T . [Current understanding of mucociliary transport]. HNO. 1992; 40(12):459-63. View

20.

Lee S, Seok Y, Jung H, Oh B, Lee H, Kwon S . Expression of mRNA transcripts of the Na+/H+ and Cl-/HCO3- exchanger isoforms in human nasal mucosa. Acta Otolaryngol. 2003; 122(8):866-71. View