Multistep Tumorigenesis and the Microenvironment

Overview

Journal Breast Cancer Res

Specialty Oncology

Date 2004 Feb 26

PMID 14979914

Citations 33

Authors

Pepper Schedin

Anthony Elias

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Early-stage cancers have long been considered to be less aggressive than late-stage cancers because it is assumed that they have accumulated fewer of the mutations that are required for full metastatic potential. For breast cancer, recent gene expression profiling data have challenged this paradigm by identifying early-stage cancers with similar gene expression profiles to fully metastatic cancers. In this review, multistep carcinogenesis is reconsidered in light of these new data. The concept that the tumor stroma plays a key role in determining whether a metastatic tumor cell will remain dormant or become invasive is discussed. Recent studies demonstrating the feasibility of targeting tumor stroma for cancer prevention and treatment are presented.

Citing Articles

Correlation Between Genetic Abnormalities in Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derivatives and Abnormal Tissue Formation in Tumorigenicity Tests.

Yamamoto T, Sato Y, Yasuda S, Shikamura M, Tamura T, Takenaka C Stem Cells Transl Med. 2022; 11(5):527-538.

PMID: 35445254 PMC: 9154342. DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szac014.

Evaluation of two assays for tumorigenicity assessment of CRISPR-Cas9 genome-edited cells.

Lemmens M, Fischer B, Zogg M, Rodrigues L, Kerr G, Del Rio-Espinola A Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev. 2021; 23:241-253.

PMID: 34703845 PMC: 8505356. DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2021.09.004.

GJA1 is a Prognostic Biomarker and Correlated with Immune Infiltrates in Colorectal Cancer.

Hu W, Li S, Zhang S, Xie B, Zheng M, Sun J Cancer Manag Res. 2020; 12:11649-11661.

PMID: 33235496 PMC: 7678473. DOI: 10.2147/CMAR.S235500.

Functional significance of co-occurring mutations in and in breast cancer.

Avivar-Valderas A, McEwen R, Taheri-Ghahfarokhi A, Carnevalli L, Hardaker E, Maresca M Oncotarget. 2018; 9(30):21444-21458.

PMID: 29765551 PMC: 5940413. DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25118.

Genetic and Epigenetic of Medullary Thyroid Cancer.

Khatami F, Tavangar S Iran Biomed J. 2017; 22(3):142-50.

PMID: 29126344 PMC: 5889499. DOI: 10.22034/ibj.22.3.142.

References

Bissell M, Radisky D . Putting tumours in context. Nat Rev Cancer. 2002; 1(1):46-54. PMC: 2975572. DOI: 10.1038/35094059. View

Olumi A, Grossfeld G, Hayward S, Carroll P, Tlsty T, Cunha G . Carcinoma-associated fibroblasts direct tumor progression of initiated human prostatic epithelium. Cancer Res. 1999; 59(19):5002-11. PMC: 3300837. DOI: 10.1186/bcr138. View

Coussens L, Fingleton B, Matrisian L . Matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors and cancer: trials and tribulations. Science. 2002; 295(5564):2387-92. DOI: 10.1126/science.1067100. View

Sporn M, Suh N . Chemoprevention: an essential approach to controlling cancer. Nat Rev Cancer. 2002; 2(7):537-43. DOI: 10.1038/nrc844. View

Pupa S, Menard S, Forti S, Tagliabue E . New insights into the role of extracellular matrix during tumor onset and progression. J Cell Physiol. 2002; 192(3):259-67. DOI: 10.1002/jcp.10142. View

Chambers A, Groom A, MacDonald I . Dissemination and growth of cancer cells in metastatic sites. Nat Rev Cancer. 2002; 2(8):563-72. DOI: 10.1038/nrc865. View

Bernards R, Weinberg R . A progression puzzle. Nature. 2002; 418(6900):823. DOI: 10.1038/418823a. View

Krtolica A, Campisi J . Cancer and aging: a model for the cancer promoting effects of the aging stroma. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2002; 34(11):1401-14. DOI: 10.1016/s1357-2725(02)00053-5. View

Tuxhorn J, Ayala G, Smith M, Smith V, Dang T, Rowley D . Reactive stroma in human prostate cancer: induction of myofibroblast phenotype and extracellular matrix remodeling. Clin Cancer Res. 2002; 8(9):2912-23. View

10.

Debnath J, Mills K, Collins N, Reginato M, Muthuswamy S, Brugge J . The role of apoptosis in creating and maintaining luminal space within normal and oncogene-expressing mammary acini. Cell. 2002; 111(1):29-40. DOI: 10.1016/s0092-8674(02)01001-2. View

11.

Barth P, Ebrahimsade S, Ramaswamy A, Moll R . CD34+ fibrocytes in invasive ductal carcinoma, ductal carcinoma in situ, and benign breast lesions. Virchows Arch. 2002; 440(3):298-303. DOI: 10.1007/s004280100530. View

12.

van de Vijver M, He Y, Vant Veer L, Dai H, Hart A, Voskuil D . A gene-expression signature as a predictor of survival in breast cancer. N Engl J Med. 2002; 347(25):1999-2009. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa021967. View

13.

Ramaswamy S, Ross K, Lander E, Golub T . A molecular signature of metastasis in primary solid tumors. Nat Genet. 2002; 33(1):49-54. DOI: 10.1038/ng1060. View

14.

Folkman J . Role of angiogenesis in tumor growth and metastasis. Semin Oncol. 2003; 29(6 Suppl 16):15-8. DOI: 10.1053/sonc.2002.37263. View

15.

Steele V, Hawk E, Viner J, Lubet R . Mechanisms and applications of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the chemoprevention of cancer. Mutat Res. 2003; 523-524:137-44. DOI: 10.1016/s0027-5107(02)00329-9. View

16.

Chauhan H, ABraham A, Phillips J, Pringle J, Walker R, Jones J . There is more than one kind of myofibroblast: analysis of CD34 expression in benign, in situ, and invasive breast lesions. J Clin Pathol. 2003; 56(4):271-6. PMC: 1769930. DOI: 10.1136/jcp.56.4.271. View

17.

Pennacchietti S, Michieli P, Galluzzo M, Mazzone M, Giordano S, Comoglio P . Hypoxia promotes invasive growth by transcriptional activation of the met protooncogene. Cancer Cell. 2003; 3(4):347-61. DOI: 10.1016/s1535-6108(03)00085-0. View

18.

Ma X, Salunga R, Tuggle J, Gaudet J, Enright E, McQuary P . Gene expression profiles of human breast cancer progression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003; 100(10):5974-9. PMC: 156311. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0931261100. View

19.

Fidler I . The pathogenesis of cancer metastasis: the 'seed and soil' hypothesis revisited. Nat Rev Cancer. 2003; 3(6):453-8. DOI: 10.1038/nrc1098. View

20.

Steeg P . Angiogenesis inhibitors: motivators of metastasis?. Nat Med. 2003; 9(7):822-3. DOI: 10.1038/nm0703-822. View